Inter Com Exam 1 Study Guide

linear model

shooting a message to a target

transactional model

senders and receivers mutually exchange messages

communication

interaction distinguished by the qualities of uniqueness, interdependence, self-disclosure, and intrusive rewards

communication principles

can be intentional or not

impossible to not communicate

communication is irreversible

communication is unrepeatable

communication misconceptions

all communication seeks understanding

more communication is always better

it will solve all problems

it is a natural ability

communication competence

involves achieving ones goals in a manner that ideally maintains or enhances their relationship in which it occurs

self-concept

the stable set of perceptions you hold of yourself

self-esteem

how we judge our worth

reflected appraisal

a mirroring of other people’s judgments

social comparison

where we stand in comparison to others

modifying self-concept

will to change

realistic perceptions and expectation

skill to change

high self-monitors

aware of their own behavior and others’ reaction to it

low self-monitors

express thoughts and feelings without paying much attention to the impression they create

impression (identify) management

the communication strategies people use to influence how others view them

percieved self

who we believe we are in honest self-examination

presenting self

how we want others to see us

self disclosure

revealing information about yourself to another person

johari window

helps focus on things you know yourself about and things you don’t know

perception process checking

helps you figure out if our attributions are accurate

describe the others behavior

state your interpretation

double check for accuracy

attribution

process of attaching meaning to your behavior

perception process

selection - impressions we attend to

organization - arranging information

interpretation - making sense of information

attribution errors

we form bias

we pay attention to negative characteristics

we cling to first impressions

we assume others are similar to us

halo effect

tendency to form an overall positive impression of a person on the basis of one positive characteristic

empathy

the ability to imagine another’s perspective to the world and their emotions

benefits of empathy

essential for intimacy

comfort/support for the receiver

increased understanding/self-esteem for empathizer

upward communication

subordinate communicates with the boss

downward communication

boss communicates to subordinates

horizontal communication

between people of the same status

networking

the process of deliberately meeting people and maintaining contacts to get career information, advice, and leads

formal communication

interaction that follows officially established channels

informal communication

based on friendships, similarities, proximity