TOPIC 5- Circulation and Gas Exchange

requirements for cellular respiration

• energy source (sugars and protein)

• waste removal system (CO2, nitrogenous waste, and water)

• circulatory system to connect these two

connection between respiration and cellular respiration

the oxygen from external respiration is used in cellular respiration

warmer and saltier water

water that holds less oxygen

cutaneous respiration

internal gills

gills covered by a protective structure

• this means the gills must be consciously ventilated (move water over the gills) to allow the organism to breathe

2 ways of ventilation internal gills

• ram-jet ventilation- forcing water into their face by swimming w/their mouths open

• buccal pump- the organism is continuously gulping water to maintain water flow over the gills

fish circulatory system

2 chamber heart with 1 atrium and 1 ventricle

amphibian circulatory system

3 chambered heart with 2 atria and 1 ventricle

reptile circulatory system

3 chambered heart with 2 atria and 1 ventricle

• partially separated ventricle

bird and mammal circulatory system

four chambered heart with 2 atria and 2 ventricles