5. Naming Ions

what are cations?

positively charged particles

what are anions?

negatively charged particlefs

monoatomic anions can be named in two ways… either with ___ or ___

original name, roman numerals

all monoatomic anions…

have last letters “ide”

all metals are…

cations

all nonmetals are..

anions

what block in periodic table have variable charges? (apart from 3 exceptions)

d

what are the three element name of exceptions to naming conventions in d block?

zinc, silver, and cadmium

what do the names of polyatomic ions usually end with?

ate, ite

what are the three exceptions to polyatomic ions naming pattern?

hydroxide, cyanide, and peroxide

what is OH^-?

hydroxide

what is CN^-?

cyanide

what is O₂^2-?

peroxide

“-ite” is just “-ate” with…

one fewer oxygen atom, same charge

polyatomic ions are usually (anion/cation)

anion

what are the only two polyatomic cations? (include roman numerals)

ammonium, mercury (I)

what is NH₄⁺?

ammonium

what is Hg₂²⁺? (include roman numerals)

mercury (I)

what is Hg²⁺?

mercury (II)

mercury(I) is ____, while mercury (II) is ___

diatomic, monoatomic

what is CH₃COO^- OR C₂H₃O₂^-?

acetate

what is CO₃^2-?

carbonate

what is SO₄^2-?

sulfate

what is NO₃^-

nitrate

what is PO₄^3-

phosphate

what is CrO₄^2-?

chromate

what is Cr₂O₇^2-

dichromate

what is C₂O₄^2-

oxalate

what is MnO₄^-

permanganate

what is ClO₃^-

chlorate

prefix “per-” to a polyatomic ion.. is used only after the other prefix ___, and also means

-ate, extra oxygen atom same charge

prefix “hypo-” to a polyatomic ion.. is used only after the other prefix ___, and also means

-ite, one less oxygen atom same charge

what is the “base-like“ prefix in polyatomic ions?

ate

adding hydrogen or bi- means..

add one H atom, add 1+ charge

adding dihydrogen means…

add two H atom, add 2+ charge

ionic compounds are… (think charge)

neutral

_____ can make ____? (ionic compounds, polyatomic ions)

polyatomic ions, ionic compounds

the prefixes “per” and “hypo” are used for..

halogen series

what does the (front-like prefix) “bi“ or “hydrogen“ mean?

add 1 H atom, add 1 extra charge

for the halogen series, all “-ate” ions have…

3 oxygen atoms and negative charge

what three elements are part of the halogen series?

chlorine, bromide, iodine

what is the name of NH₄^-

ammonium

what is the name of Hg₂²⁺

mercury

what is the name of C₂H₃O₂^-

acetate

what is the name of CH₃COO^-

acetate

what is the name of CO₃^2-

carbonate

what is the name of SO₄^2-

sulfate

what is the name of NO₃^-

nitrate

what is the name of PO₄^3-

phosphate

what is the name of BO₃^3-

borate

what is the name of CrO₄^2-

chromate

what is the name of Cr₂O₇^2-

dichromate

what is the name of C₂O₄^2-

oxalate

what is the name of MnO₄^-

permanganate

what is the name of ClO₃^-

chlorate

what is the name of O₂^2-

peroxide

what is the name of OH^-

hydroxide

what is the name of CN^-

cyanide

what charge does ammonium have?

1+

what charge does mercury have?

2+

what charge do all halogen series have?

1-

what charge does acetate have?

1-

what charge does carbonate have?

2-

what charge does sulfate have?

2-

what charge does nitrate have?

1-

what charge does phospahte have?

30

what charge does borate have?

3-

what charge does chromate have?

2-

what charge does dichromate have?

2-

what charge does oxalate have?

2-

what charge does permanganate have?

1-

what charge does chlorate have?

1-

what charge does peroxide have?

2-

what charge does hydroxide have?

1-

what charge does cyanide have?

1-