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Evolution
The process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
Species
A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
Variation
A change or difference in condition, amount, or level, typically with certain limits.
Adaptation
The process of adapting or being adapted.
Fitness
The relative ability of an organism to survive and pass on it’s genes to the next generation.
Fossil
The remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock.
Heritability
The quality of a characteristic being transmissible from parent to offspring.
Uniformitarianism
Shows that long periods of time are required to cause a great change on the Earth.
Gradualism
Changes in landforms take place over very long periods of time.
Population
All the inhabitants of a particular town, area, or country.
Catastrophism
Natural disasters had an effect on landforms and living organisms
Artificial Selection
The process by which humans change a species over time by selectively breeding it for certain traits.
Gene Pool
The collection of different genes within an interbreeding population.
Microevolution
Evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period.
Allele Frequency
The number of individual alleles of a certain type, divided by the total number of alleles of all types in a population.
Gene Flow
The introduction of genetic material from one population of a species to another
Genetic drift
A change in the gene pool of a small population that takes place strictly by chance.
Speciation
The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.
Bottleneck effect
Occurs when a population's size is reduced for at least one generation.
Founder effect
A type of genetic drift that occurs when a small group of individuals becomes isolated from a larger population and forms a new, isolated population.
Sexual selection
A special case of natural selection that acts on an organism’s ability to obtain or successfully copulate with a male.
Convergent evolution
Organisms that are not closely related independently evolve similar features.
Divergent evolution
The accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, sometimes leading to speciation.
Coevolution
Two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution through the process of natural selection.
Monitor
an instrument or device used for observing, checking, or keeping a continuous record of a process or quantity
Concept
An abstract idea; a general notion
Origin
The point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived.
Prior
Existing or coming before in time, order, or importance.
Intermittent
Occurring at irregular intervals; not continuous or steady