Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) - Management of the Sick Young Infant

Vocabulary flashcards covering IMCI assessments, classifications, treatments, and standards for sick young infants aged up to 2 months.

Possible Serious Bacterial Infection or Very Severe Disease

An IMCI classification for a young infant presenting with any sign such as inability to feed at all or not feeding well, convulsions, severe chest indrawing, high body temperature ($38^\circ\text{C}$ or above), low body temperature (less than $35.5^\circ\text{C}$), movement only when stimulated or no movement at all, or fast breathing ($60$ breaths per minute or more) in infants less than $7$ days old.

Pneumonia (in young infants aged 7–59 days)

An IMCI classification for an infant aged $7$ to $59$ days presenting with fast breathing ($60$ breaths per minute or more).

Local Bacterial Infection

An IMCI classification for a young infant presenting with a red umbilicus, umbilicus draining pus, or skin pustules.

Severe Jaundice

An IMCI classification for any jaundice appearing in an infant aged less than $24$ hours, or yellow palms and soles at any age.

Jaundice (classification)

An IMCI classification for jaundice appearing after $24$ hours of age where palms and soles are not yellow.

Diarrhoea in a young infant

A condition where an infant's stools have changed from the usual pattern and are frequent and watery (more water than faecal matter), excluding the frequent semi-solid stools normal in breastfed babies.

Severe Dehydration

An IMCI classification for diarrhoea indicated by any two of the following signs: movement only when stimulated or no movement at all, sunken eyes, or a skin pinch that goes back very slowly (longer than $2$ seconds).

Some Dehydration

An IMCI classification for diarrhoea indicated by any two of the following signs: restless/irritable condition, sunken eyes, or a skin pinch that goes back slowly.

Confirmed HIV Infection

An IMCI classification for a young infant who tests positive on an HIV virological test.

HIV Exposed: Possible HIV Infection

An IMCI classification assigned when an infant has a positive serological test, or has an HIV-positive mother while breastfeeding (or stopped less than $6$ weeks ago) with a negative virological test, or has an HIV-positive mother and has not yet been tested.

Very Low Weight for Age

An IMCI classification assigned to an infant less than $7$ days old who weighs less than $2\text{ kg}$.

Critical Illness

An IMCI sub-classification used when hospital referral is refused or not feasible and the sick young infant presents with convulsions, inability to feed at all, no movement on stimulation, or a weight under $2\text{ kg}$.

Clinical Severe Infection

An IMCI sub-classification used when hospital referral is refused or not feasible and the infant presents with signs such as not feeding well on observation, temperature $38^\circ\text{C}$ or higher, temperature less than $35.5^\circ\text{C}$, severe chest indrawing, or movement only when stimulated.

Good Attachment

Proper positioning during breastfeeding marked by four required signs: more areola visible above the top lip than below the bottom lip, wide open mouth, lower lip turned outwards, and chin touching the breast.

Effective Sucking

A breastfeeding suckling pattern characterized by slow, deep sucks, sometimes pausing.

Gentian Violet (0.5%)

A full-strength topical solution applied twice daily for $5$ days to treat skin pustules or umbilical infection in young infants.

Gentian Violet (0.25%)

A half-strength topical solution applied $4$ times daily for $7$ days using a clean soft cloth wrapped around the finger to treat oral thrush.

Plan A (Diarrhoea Treatment)

A home management plan for diarrhoea with no dehydration, consisting of giving extra fluids (ORS or clean water), continuing exclusive breastfeeding, and knowing when to return immediately.

Plan B (Diarrhoea Treatment)

A clinic management plan for diarrhoea with some dehydration, involving administration of a calculated amount of ORS ($\text{weight in kg} \times 75\text{ mL}$) over $4$ hours while continuing breastfeeding.

Plan C (Diarrhoea Treatment)

An urgent treatment plan for severe dehydration involving immediate intravenous fluid rehydration ($100\text{ mL/kg}$ Ringer's lactate or normal saline) or oral/nasogastric ORS if IV is unavailable.

Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis

An oral antibiotic (trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole) administered once daily starting at $4$ weeks of age for confirmed HIV infection or HIV exposure; contraindicated in infants under $1$ month of age, premature infants, or jaundiced infants.

Weight-for-age Boys Chart (Birth to 6 months)

A WHO growth standard chart plotting weight in kilograms against age in completed weeks or months (z-scores) for male infants from birth up to $6$ months.

Weight-for-age Girls Chart (Birth to 6 months)

A WHO growth standard chart plotting weight in kilograms against age in completed weeks or months (z-scores) for female infants from birth up to $6$ months.