Mass Communication Review

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key concepts in mass communication for exam preparation.

Internet Development Organization

The organization largely responsible for the development of the Internet is the Department of Defense.

Linking Web Pages

The ability to link one Web page to another is achieved through Hypertext.

Average Facebook Visit Duration

The average Facebook visit lasts about 20 minutes.

Websites Permission Policy

Websites must obtain explicit permission from consumers through Opt-in policies before collecting their browser history.

Government Communication Interception Law

The law that gives the government sweeping power to intercept communications of private citizens is the USA Patriot Act of 2001.

Broadcasting Definition

Broadcasting is the term for transmitting radio and television signals to a wide general audience.

Best Selling Book

The best selling book of all time is The Bible.

Must-Carry Rules Function

The function of must-carry rules is to require cable operators to carry all local TV broadcasts on their systems.

Largest Magazine Chain

The largest magazine chain in the U.S. is Time Inc.

Cost Saving Link in Broadcasting

The cost-saving link that allows stations to share programming is called a Network.

Selective Exposure

The term given to people’s tendency to seek media that supports their own viewpoints is Selective exposure.

Hip Hop Genre Characteristics

The genre characterized by sampling, poetry slams, and graffiti art is Hip Hop.

Criticism of Amos 'n' Andy

A complaint about the show Amos 'n' Andy was that it portrayed all Black characters as either a clown or a crook.

First Paper for Recording

The first type of 'paper' developed for recording written symbols is Papyrus.

Most Challenged Book of 2013

The most challenged book of 2013 was Captain Underpants.

Dime Novels Name

The term given to dime novels and popular paperbacks in the 1880s is Pulp fiction.

First Era of Communication

The first era of communication is Oral.

British Band Influenced by Chuck Berry

The British band most influenced by Chuck Berry and Little Richard is The Beatles.

Success Factors in 1850s Magazines

The success of magazines in the 1850s was contributed to by increases in literacy, faster printing technologies, and reduced postage costs.

Film Control Practice

The practice of controlling production, distribution, and exhibition of films is called Vertical Integration.

Impartial News Model Advocate

The publisher who championed the idea of an impartial news model is Adolph Ochs.

Current Magazine Industry Trend

The trend that currently dominates the magazine industry is Specialization.

Limit-Pushing Magazines

The type of magazines known for pushing the limits of decency and credibility are Tabloids.

Types of Recording Signals

The type of recording that translates sounds into binary on/off signals is Digital recording.

Damaging TV Programs

The type of television program that initially brought in many viewers but later damaged the medium’s credibility is Quiz Shows.

King of Cover Music

The white performer known as the 'king of cover music' for re-recording songs originally released by Black artists is Pat Boone.

Talent Scouts in Music Industry

The talent scouts of the music business are A&R Agents.

First Electronic TV Patent Holder

The first to receive the patent for the electronic TV is Philo Farnsworth.

Electromagnetic Waves Theorizer

The theorist of the existence of electromagnetic waves is James Clerk Maxwell.

Phonograph Inventor

The inventor responsible for the phonograph is Thomas Edison.

Cable TV Development Reason

Cable TV first developed to provide service where geography and buildings blocked signals.

Decline of Radio Sales Reason

Radio sales dropped off in 1927 because most people already had a radio.

Early Television Sponsorship

In the earliest days of television, programs typically had 1 sponsor.

Anthology Show Example

An example of an anthology show is American Horror Story.

Rap Music Origin

Rap music originated in The Bronx, New York.

Non-Criticism of TV

A statement that is NOT a criticism of TV is that it presents viewers with emotionally challenging content.

Television Color Standard Switch Year

The year television programming made the switch to color as standard is 1960s.

Film Distinction from TV

Film was distinguished from television by Color, 3-D, and Stereophonic sound.

Special Effects Director

The director who used his knowledge of stage magic to create special effects is Georges Melies.

Highest Subscription Magazine

The magazine with the highest subscription rate is AARP the Magazine.

Edward Bernays Marketing Product

Edward Bernays marketed Cigarettes to women in the 1920s.

Regulated Advertising Products

Advertising for Tobacco, Alcohol, and Prescription Drugs is regulated because of potential health risks.

Linear Model Readership Term

In the linear model of mass communication, the readers and viewers are called Receivers.

Lobbyists Constitutional Amendment

The constitutional amendment that defends lobbyists' right to petition is the First Amendment.

Children's Brand Preference Age

Commercials can affect brand preference in children as early as age 2.

Media Channels Merging Term

The term for the technological merging of content across media channels is Convergence.

Preferred Press Release Delivery Method

The currently preferred method of delivering press releases is Email.

Post World War I Radio Action

After World War I, the United States fostered a private sector monopoly to maintain dominance in radio.

Guided Discussion Group Name

The name for people assembled to participate in a guided discussion about a product is a Focus Group.

Reason for Film Production Migration

A reason film production left New York is to get away from Edison’s patent enforcers.

Early Motion Picture Forerunner

An early forerunner of the motion picture is a zoetrope.

First Woman Best Director Oscar Winner

The first woman to win an Oscar for best director is Kathryn Bigelow.

First Feature-Length Film with Dialog

The first feature-length film to include spoken dialog is The Jazz Singer.

Post-War Film Attendance Decline Reason

A factor contributing to decline in film attendance after World War II is the increasing popularity of television.

Director Using Close-Ups

The first director to use close-ups and chase scenes in films is Edwin Porter.

Motion Picture Rating Association Type

The Motion Picture Association of America is a Private trade association.

Paramount Decision Effect

The effect of the 1948 Supreme Court ruling known as the Paramount Decision was that Vertical integration was deemed illegal.

Top Film-Producing Country

The country that produces the greatest number of films each year is India.

First Director of Feature-Length Film

The first to produce a feature-length film is D.W. Griffith.

Newspapers for Black Readers

Between 1827 and the end of the Civil War, there were 40 newspapers aimed at Black readers.

Cultural Domination Term

The global domination of American styles in fashion, food, and media is known as Cultural imperialism.

TV Genre Examples

I Love Lucy, Seinfeld, 30 Rock, and New Girl are examples of Situation comedies.

Psychological PR Agent

The PR agent known for his techniques borrowed from psychology and sociology is Edward Bernays.

Cultural Skyscraper Model Top

In the cultural skyscraper model, Hamlet would be located closest to the top.

Misinformation Used to Promote Cause

Information used to promote a cause or point of view, often biased or misleading, is called Propaganda.

Current Cultural Period

Our culture is currently in the Post-Modern Period.

PR Agent Reshaping Image

The PR agent who helped reshape John D. Rockefeller's image is Ivy Ledbetter Lee.

Gutenberg Communication Era

Johannes Gutenberg’s invention ushered in the Print era of communication.

Bound Parchment Book Type

Pages of parchment sewn together and bound in wood are called a Codex.

Advertising Example

Claiming a product is 'new and improved' is an example of Puffery.

Reformers in Journalism

Progressive reporters willing to cover society’s problems were called Muckrakers.

Political Advertising Spending 2012

In 2012, $6 billion was spent on all political advertising.

Books Published After Television Arrival

Since the arrival of television in the 1950s, the number of books published each year has increased significantly.

First E-mail Sent Year

The first e-mail was sent in 1971.

Date Advertising Origin

Advertising can be dated back to 3000 B.C.

Zenger Case Significance

The case against publisher John Peter Zenger established that newspapers could criticize the government as long as reports were true.

US Film Market Dominance Event

World War I contributed to U.S. dominance of the world film market.

Directors Ending Studio System

The successes of George Lucas and Dennis Hopper helped to bring an end to the studio system.

First Web Browser

The first web browser that came out was Mosaic.

Jerry's Web Guide Name Change

Jerry and David’s Guide to the World Wide Web later became known as Yahoo!.

Smartphones Example of Media

Smartphones that allow users to talk, text, listen to music, and watch videos are an example of Media Convergence.

Supreme Court Ruling on Video Games

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that California’s law criminalizing the sale of Rated M and AO games to minors violated the First Amendment.

Early Advertising Leaders

The early leaders in advertising were Patent medicines and department stores.

Selective Client Ad Agency Type

The type of ad agency that devotes talents to only a few select clients is called Boutique agencies.

Content Sharing Marketing Techniques

Releasing videos and other content in hopes they will be shared across the Internet is called Viral marketing.

Celebrity Endorsement Advertising

Using Michael Jordan to promote a sports apparel brand is an example of Famous-person testimonial.

Consumer Pressure Advertising Example

Telling consumers they will be left behind if they do not buy a product is an example of the Bandwagon effect.

Technology for Portable Radios

The creation of Transistors allowed radios to become portable.

Scams with Emails

Scams that use phony emails to trick people into giving up sensitive information are called Phishing.

Internet Accessibility Term

The term that describes the difference in lifestyles between those who can and cannot afford to have the Internet is the Digital Divide.

Video Game Criticism

A common criticism of video games is that they can lead to addiction, promote violence, and glorify misogyny.

Controversial Game Titles

The titles that led to Senate hearings and formation of the Entertainment Software Ratings Board are Mortal Kombat and Night Trap.

In-game Advertising Example

A Metal Gear character wearing a Mountain Dew T-shirt is an example of In-game advertising.

Troll in Gamespeak

In gamespeak, a troll is someone who intentionally spoils the game.

Earliest Known News Sheet

The earliest known single-page news sheet was published in 59 BC.

Saturday Evening Post Magazine Type

The Saturday Evening Post was a general interest magazine.

Top 40 Radio Origins

Top 40 radio format traces its origins back to the 40 songs in a jukebox.

Internet Ownership Status

No one owns the Internet.

First Internet Name

The first name given to the Internet was ARPAnet.

Public Relations Image Reshaping

Many individuals, like Davy Crockett and Daniel Boone, used public relations to reshape their public image.