Untitled Flashcards Set

What is the definition of dispositional optimism?

A global expectation that good things will happen and bad things will not.

What is a key characteristic of pessimism?

The tendency to expect negative things in the future.

How does optimism affect coping strategies?

Optimism leads to more active and effective coping, problem-solving, and planning.

What are the three dimensions of attributions in explanatory style?

Stability, pervasiveness, and locus of control.

What is learned helplessness?

A condition where a person feels unable to control their situation, leading to decreased motivation.

How does internal locus of control relate to self-esteem?

Internal locus of control is associated with increased self-esteem and life satisfaction.

What is a potential downside of excessive optimism?

Being unprepared for negative future events and engaging in risk-taking behaviors.

What is defensive pessimism?

A strategy where negative thinking is used to channel anxiety into successful achievement.

What does the Expectancy Value Theory suggest about goal-directed behavior?

That behavior is determined by the expectation of attaining a goal and the incentive value of that goal.

What is the WOOP model in goal-setting?

A strategy that includes Wish, Outcome, Obstacle, and Plan to initiate and sustain effort toward goals.

What are SMART goals?

Goals that are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-based.

What are the benefits of having grit?

Passion and perseverance for long-term and meaningful goals, which predicts success beyond talent.

What is the growth mindset?

The belief that basic qualities can be cultivated through efforts and learning.

What is flow?

An intrinsically rewarding state of complete absorption with an activity characterized by intense involvement.

How can one increase intrinsic motivation?

By providing autonomy, competence, and relatedness, and aligning activities with personal values.

What is the relationship between goal progress and well-being?

Positive relationships exist, depending on goal importance and personal characteristics.