Outcomes Advanced Unit 1

affluent

having a lot of money or owning a lot of things

Collocates: an a________ suburb/neighbourhood/area | an a________ lifestyle | an a________ family

Most towns have private schools for the children of a________ families.

affluence

the state of having a lot of money or owning many things

She climbed out of poverty to greater a________.

a buzz

the feeling of excitement and happiness that you get from doing something exciting

Collocates: a real b____| a b____ about something

The streets surrounding the stadium had a r____ b____ about them that hasn't been felt for many years.

to buzz

to be full of people or activity

At this time on a Saturday, the restaurant is b____ing with customers.

to choke on fumes

to have a lot of difficulty breathing because you cannot get air into your lungs easily

Collocates: c____ on something | c____ to death

The smog here is awful – you have to wear a mask or you’d c____ on the fumes.

fume

gases and smoke from fires, burning chemicals, car engines, etc. that are unhealthy and unpleasant to breathe, and that can make people ill

Collocates: toxic/poisonous f______| petrol/diesel/exhaust/traffic f______

The smog is so bad you need a mask, otherwise you’d choke on the f______.

well-run

efficiently organized

The school had been very w___ r___ until a couple of years ago

to spring up

to emerge or develop suddenly

Thousands of new businesses have s____ u_ in the past couple of years.

grand

impressive and large or important

The Palace of Versailles is very g____.

in grand style

They always entertain their high-ranking guests i_ g____ s_____.

a gated apartment

a residential complex where access is strictly controlled by physical barriers like electronic gates, key fobs, fences, or security personnel

a key fob

an electronic device connected to a key that is used to lock and unlock a car's doors or operate a piece of equipment

to run smoothly

to work well, to develop without any problems, to go as planned

The network is r____ing s_____ now that Bob plugged in the modems.

not a trace of

not having a sign that shows it had existed or been somewhere

There's n__ a t____ of rubbish on the pavements. Apparently, you can get heavily fined for littering.

grind /ɡraɪnd/ to a halt/standstill

to gradually slow down and stop all movement or activity, or to make something do this

After a sprinkling of snow, traffic on our roads g_____ to a s_______.

gentrification

the process of richer people moving into a poor area and making it more upscale

G___________ can push out local residents because of rising rents.

derelict (building)

abandoned and falling apart, and not taken care of

You see a lot of peeling paint on some d_______ buildings.

housing/residential development

an area containing a large number of houses or apartments built close together at the same time

There are a lot of new r________ d________ springing up on the outskirts of the city.

crammed

too full of people or things

There are hundreds of blocks c_____into a small area with lots of narrow, dark and dingy streets.

to cram into

to force a lot of people or things into a small space

Airlines are cracking down on passengers who try to c___ as much luggage as they possibly can i___ overhead compartments.

dingy

dark and not clean, and it is a bit depressing

She’s hoping to move out of her d____ apartment into a new luxurious house soon.

fall into decay

to go slowly from a bad condition to a worse condition : to slowly enter a state of ruin

She wants to restore an old theater that is f____ing i__ d____.

an electrical grid

an interconnected network for electricity delivery from producers to consumers

up-and-coming

likely to achieve success soon or in the near future

She’s an u_-a__-c____ artist you might want to keep an eye on.

run-down

in a bad condition because no one has been looking after it for a while

The house was very r__-d___ when we bought it, but we’ve transformed it over the last two years.

congested roads

roads having have a lot of traffic on them, so everybody moves very slowly

Plan your journey in advance to avoid c______ areas.

congestion

a situation in which a place is too blocked or crowded, causing difficulties

Collocates: ease c_______ | avoid c_______ | traffic c_______ | heavy c_______

The government brought in controls on car use to try to ease c_______.

sprawling

spreads out over a large area in an untidy or uncontrolled way

Tokyo is exciting because it is a s________ urban environment to explore

bubbling nightlife

active, energetic, and exciting social scene after dark