Coordination

Lv 11 bio test 1

What is coordination

Coordination describes the way in which all organs and organ systems in the body work together

What are the 2 types of coordination systems

The nervous system and the endocrine system

What is the nervous system made up of

The brain, spinal cord, and associated nerves

what is the endocrine system made up of

Glands 

What do the glands in the endocrine system do

They release hormones into the blood

What are the “messages” that the nervous system send all over the body

It sends nerve impulses

How do nerve impulses travel

They travel through the nerves

What are the “messages” that the endocrine system sends all over the body

Hormones

How do hormones travel

Through the blood

Where do these messages go

To target organs

What can a target organ be

A muscle, a gland or other body part

What are the differences between the nervous and endocrine system

Nervous:

Electrical messages travelling through the nervous tissue (nerves)

The brain and the spinal cord (central nervous system) control the nervous system

It produces a quick effect, which doesn’t last long, like the reflex action of a hand when touching a hot object

Endocrine:

chemical messengers (hormones) travelling through the blood

Many glands controlled by the pituitary gland. This is ultimately controlled by the nervous system 

It produces a slow, long term change, like puberty and pregnancy with the exception of adrenaline

Why does the endocrine system need a good blood supply

Since the hormones produced travel through blood

In what form is the blood supply

A capillary network

What are the 3 endocrine glands we need to know

Pituitary gland, pancreas and adrenal glands

Where is the pituitary gland found

Base of the brain

What hormones does it produce

Follicle stimulating hormone (fsh), luteinising hormone (lh) and antidiuretic hormone (adh)

Where’s the pancreas found

Beneath the stomach

What hormones does it produce 

Glucagon and insulin

Where are the adrenal glands found 

Above kidneys 

What horemones do they produce

Adrenaline

What’s the difference between an exocrine and endocrine gland

Endocrine glands don’t have a duct and have a capillary network for direct secretion of hormones into the blood. Exocrine glands have a duct and produce chemicals which go down the duct. 

What are examples of exocrine glands

Sweat glands, salivary glands

Is it possible for some glands to be both exocrine and endocrine 

Yes!

What is the pituitary gland also known as

The master gland

Why is it also called the master gland

Because some of the hormones it releases stimulate other glands to release specific hormones

What are two horemones that have an effect on other endocrine glands

Oli le stimulating hormone and luteinising hormone

What does the follicle stimulating hormone do

It activates the graffian follicle which is found in the ovaries to produce oestrogen. It’s also involved in ovum development in females

What does the luteinising hormone do

It triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum. It activates the cous luteum to produce progesterone

What is Hormone that has an effect of the body

Anti diuretic hormone

What does the anti diuretic hormone do

It controls the amount of water reabsorbed into the blood from the nephrons.