Civ Pro

Specific Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction that arises when a cause of action is directly connected to the forum's contacts.

General Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction that allows a court to hear any case against a defendant regardless of where the cause of action arose.

Minimum Contacts Test

A legal standard that determines if a court has jurisdiction over a defendant based on their connections to the forum state.

In Rem Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction based on the presence of property within the forum state.

Quasi in Rem Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction that allows a court to determine matters affecting a person’s ownership interest in property within the forum but does not require personal jurisdiction.

Tag Jurisdiction

Allows courts to assert personal jurisdiction over an individual by virtue of that individual being physically present in the forum state.

Long Arm Statute

State laws that allow for jurisdiction over out-of-state defendants based on certain acts they committed within the state.

Diversity Jurisdiction

Federal jurisdiction based on parties being from different states, with an amount in controversy exceeding $75,000.

Federal Question Jurisdiction

Federal jurisdiction over cases arising under the Constitution, federal laws, or treaties.

Subject Matter Jurisdiction (SMJ)

A court's authority to hear a particular type of case.

Complete Diversity

Every plaintiff must be a citizen of a different state from every defendant for diversity jurisdiction.

Citizenship of Corporations

A corporation is deemed a citizen of both its state of incorporation and its principal place of business.

Removal

The procedure allowing a defendant to transfer a case from state court to federal court if federal subject matter jurisdiction exists.

Remand

The act of sending a case back to the state court from federal court.

Declaratory Judgment

A court order that defines the rights of parties without ordering any specific action.

Well-Pleaded Complaint Rule

A requirement that the plaintiff's statement must clearly show that the case arises under federal law.

Supplemental Jurisdiction

Allows federal courts to hear state law claims closely related to federal claims.