Physics test #1

What is matter?

Anything that takes up space.

What is the difference between mass and weight?

Mass is how much space something takes up, weight is the force of gravity pulling on mass.

What is the definition of energy?

The ability to do work.

What is the theory of relativity?

E=mC² Where E=energy, m=mass, and C=the speed of light (3×10^8 m/s)

Define radiation.

Energy that is emitted and transferred.

What does the unit Roentgen measure?

Radiation in air/exposure. (R)

When ionization by x-rays occurs the result is?

An ion pair which consists of a the positive atom and the negative electron.

X-rays are most like what?

Gamma rays

The RAD is most closely related to?

The gray (Gyt)

Which of the following would be considered EM ionizing radiation?

Gamma rays

What is the unit of mass?

The kilogram.

A naturally occurring source of radiation is?

Cosmic radiation

What is the modern model of the atom that we use in radiography?

The Bohr model.

How does the periodic table arrange elements?

By atomic number. (the number of protons)

What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?

Periods

As you move from left to right across the periodic table the number of outer shell electrons does what?

Increase by one

Atoms with all outer electrons are called?

Chemically inert

On the periodic table group identifies what?

The number of electrons in the outer shell.

Which of the following is true?

The number of electrons orbiting the atom is equal to the Z number.

Which of the following is true?

Atoms that have the same atomic number are atoms of the same element.

The max number of electrons in the third shell is?

18

2n²

2(3²)

2(9)

18

The periodic table is attributed to who?

Demetri Mendelev

The atomic mass number is given by the?

Number of protons plus the number of neutrons.

The atomic number is?

The number of protons.

How many kinds of particles are in the nucleus?

2, protons and neutrons

When a radionuclide undergoes beta decay?

A neutron converts to a proton.

Do all radioactive materials have a long half life?

False

Alpha decay results in the lose of 2 amu?

False

Light elements typically undergo alpha decay.

False

Alpha decay results in the lose of 4 amu

True

Define half lives.

The time it takes a given amount of radioactive sample to decay to half its original value.

How many half lives must elapse before any given sample of radioactive material reaches 0.1% of its original value?

10

The difference between x-rays and gamma rays is?

Origin

Ionization occurs when an electron is ejected from its orbit.

True

REM

Unit of dose equivalence

Curie

37×10^10 Becquerels

Gray

100 RAD

Contribution of Einstein

Theory of relativity

Contribution of Pupin

Intensifying screen

Contribution of Coolidge

Hot cathode tube

Contribution of Rollins

Collimation/filtration

Alpha particle

amu=4 charge equals=++

Beta particle

amu=0 charge=-

Formula for conversion of C to F

F=9/5C+32

Formula for conversion of F to C

C=5/9(F-32)

Formula for conversion of C to K

K=C+273

How many centimeters are in one inch?

2.54cm