Ancient Egypt

Nile river

The river the Ancient Egyptians settled around. It flows south to north into the Mediterranean sea

irrigation system

A way of supplying water an area of land.

natural barriers

deserts (Sahara,Eastern and western),moutains,or bodies of water (Mediterranean sea, Red sea, cataracts)that creat bariers from invasion.

mummification

embalmment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy.

gift of the Nile

Egypt was called this because it would not have existed without the Nile.

The Nile flooding

was predictable (annual) event that the Egyptians used to plan their farming and calenders.

heiroglyphics

An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds.

polytheistic

Believing in many gods and goddesses

Sahara Desert

Largest desert in the world ;located west of the Nile river..

Shadoof

A bucket attached to a long pole used to lift water from the Nile to the basins.

delta

A landform where a river splits off into a number of streams that fan out over an area if fertile soil before emptying a large body of water.

papyrus

A reed plant that grew along the Nile and was used to make baskets,sandals, river rafts, and paper.

Menes

An Egyptian king who unified Upper and lower Egypt.

Egyptian Social Classes

Shaped like a pyramid;Pharaoh at the top,then priests and noble,then traders, followed by artisans, shopkeepers and scribes in the middle, then farmers and harder, then unskilled workers at the bottom.

pyramids

Mountain-like tombs the size of many city blocks made for Egyptian pharaohs entirely out of stone; designed to protect the pharaoh’s body from floods,wild animals, and grave robbers.

upper Egypt

on a map of ancient Egypt this would have been located in he south due to elevation.

Lower Egypt

on a map of ancient Egypt this would have been located in the north due to elevation.

Hatshesut

She was a New kingdom Pharaoh that took power when her husband died leaving her the guardian of his son,Thutmose 3,a young child.She was the first female pharaoh. Hatshephut claimed the throne for herself and the kingdom thrived under her rule because she focused on trade instead of war.

polytheism

Belief in many gods

Kemat

term meaning “black land” used by ancient Egyptians to discribe the dark, fertile soil left behind after the flood waters receded.

dynasty

A series of rulers from the same family

pharaoh

Title given to the kings of Egypt meaning “great house”.Believed to be a king and a god.

great sphinx

has the head of a man and the body of a loin.Built as a home for the sun-god, Ra, so he protect the pharaohs buried in the tombs.

cartouche

and oval shape inside which a pharaohs name was inscribed in hieroglyphics.These are often seen on the walls.