BJU US Government Ch. 5 Test

Branch of government whose primary function is to make laws

Legislative

Refers to a government official who is still in office but has not been reelected

Lame-duck

A fair and proper trial; all accused criminals are entitled to this under the 5th Amendment.

Due Process

Presidential power to oppose a bill by refusing to sign it.

Veto

Another name for the "necessary and proper" clause

Elastic clause

The right to vote

Suffrage

A state-run militia that serves under the Army and Air Force.

National Guard

Branch of government responsible for enforcing the laws.

Executive

The process of becoming a US citizen.

Naturalization

Defaming a person's character

Slander

One method of circumventing the 15th Amendment

Literacy Tests

A counting of the population to determine how many representatives each state receives

Census

A document that requires a person to appear in court as a witness.

Subpoena

The House's power to formally charge top government officials with treason, bribery, or other high crimes.

Impeachment

A political stalemate resulting from checks and balances.

Gridlock

The philosophy that says people are the ultimate source of the government's authority

Popular sovereignty

The division of power between national and state levels of government.

Federalism

A court order that forces authorities to quickly bring an arrested person before a judge.

Habeas Corpus

Branch of government that interprets the laws

Judicial

Prevents an individual or group from gaining too much power

Separation of Powers

The Founding Fathers believed in the separation of powers due to their distrust of human nature.

True

The purpose of limited government is to eliminate individual freedom.

False

A census is taken every five years to determine the representation of each state.

False

The 21st Amendment repealed the 18th Amendment.

True

Freedom of expression includes the right to advocate for violently overthrowing the government.

False

A student writes an article criticizing the local government in the school newspaper. Under the _________ Amendment, the school cannot punish the student just for expressing an opinion, as long as it does not disrupt learning or break the law.

I (1st) Amendment

A person is accused of embezzlement, but before the government can take their property or put them in prison, they must be given a fair trial with an impartial jury. This protects the individual's rights under the _________ Amendment, requiring the federal government to follow due process of law.

V (5th) Amendment

A public school tries to deny enrollment to a student because of their race. Under the _________ Amendment's Equal Protection Clause, the student’s family can challenge the school's decision, since all citizens must be given equal protection of the laws.

XIV (14th) Amendment

A state passes a strict voter ID law that disproportionately prevents minority voters from casting ballots. If challenged, courts would review the law under the _________ Amendment, since voting rights cannot be restricted or denied based on race or color.

IV (4th) Amendment

A person on trial for robbery believes a security guard witnessed the event. Under the _________ Amendment, the defendant can issue a subpoena requiring the guard to testify in court. This ensures the defendant's right to obtain witnesses in their favor.

VI (6th) Amendment