Albert Bandura TOP

How did Bandura differ from Skinner?

Bandura agreed behavior is learned but believed social interaction and observation are central, unlike Skinner's focus on direct reinforcement.

What is Bandura's theory often called?

Social-learning theory or observational learning theory.

What is vicarious reinforcement?

Learning by observing others' behavior and the consequences they receive.

What is modeling?

Learning behavior by observing a model and imitating it.

What was the purpose of the Bobo doll experiment?

To show children imitate aggressive behavior they observe.

What did the Bobo doll study find?

Children who watched aggression acted more aggressively than controls.

What is disinhibition?

The weakining of inhibitions or constraints by observing a model's behavior; Behaviors a person usually supresses may be performed more readily under influnce of a model

What three factors influence modeling?

Characteristics of the model, characteristics of the observer, and consequences of behavior.

What are attentional processes?

Paying attention to the model accurately enough to learn behavior.

What are retention processes?

Remembering the behavior through images or verbal codes.

What are production processes?

Converting remembered behavior into actual performance through practice.

What are incentive/motivational processes?

Having incentive to perform learned behavior- will not perform behaviorwithout incentive/motivation to

What is self-efficacy?

Belief in your ability to succeed or cope effectively.

What is Bandura's overall message about personality?

Personality develops through interaction of behavior, thoughts, and social environment.

What are vicarious experiences?

Observing others perform successfully and using that as a basis for judging one's own ability.

According to Bandura, how can self-efficacy be increased through goals?

By arranging reachable goals that create success experiences.

What is collective efficacy?

A group's shared belief that it can achieve goals together.

What is modeling therapy?

A behavior modification method using observation of models to reduce fears and maladaptive behaviors.

What is guided participation?

Watching a live model and then gradually practicing the behavior with them.

What is covert modeling?

Imagining a model successfully coping with a feared situation.

What is reciprocal determinism?

The idea that behavior, personal factors, and environment all influence one another.

What 3 forms of behavior therapy did Bandura develop?

Modeling, guided participation, and covert modeling

What was Bandura's goal in developing his social-cognitive theory?

To modify or change learned behaviors that are problematic or maladaptive

What lead Bandura to choosing psychology?

Signed up for psychology class by chance because it was early in the morning- liked it so much chose to do it

When was Bandura elected president of the APA?

In 1973 only 21 years after recieving his PhD

Define observational learning.

Learning new behaviors by observing other's behavior

What are characteristics of models?

Attributes of the model and the behavior they are performing influence the likelihood another person will imitate them

Ex: if the model is like them, good status, attractive, behaviors are simple

What are characteristics of observers in modeling?

Attributes associated with the likelihood one will copy another's behavior

Ex: age of observer, self-esteem (the lower, the more likely)

Consequences associated with modeling

If the rewards are not meaningful, the behavior will be discontinued

What is self-reinforcement?

Administering rewards or punishments to oneself based on personal standards