unit seven exam

ch 6 - toes, foot, and ankle

T or F: the distal portion of the fifth metatarsal is a common fracture site

F

A is:

fibula

B is:

calcaneus

C is:

cuboid

D is:

base of 5th MT tuberosity

E is:

navicular

F is:

talus

G is:

sinus tarsi

H is:

anterior tubercle

I is:

tibia

A is:

fibula

B is:

lateral malleolus

C is:

ankle mortise

D is:

talus

E is:

medial malleolus

F is:

tibia epiphyseal plate

A is:

IP joint of 1st digit of right foot

B is:

proximal phalanx of 1st digit of right foot

C is:

MTP joint of 1st digit of right foot

D is:

1st MT head

E is:

1st MT body/shaft

F is:

1st MT base

G is:

intermediate cuneiform (superimposed over medial cuneiform

H is:

navicular

I is:

talus

J is:

calcaneal tuberosity

K is:

lateral cuneiform

L is:

cuboid

M is:

base of 5th MT

N is:

5th MTP joint of right foot

O is:

proximal phalanx of 5th digit of right foot

A is:

tibia

B is:

calcaneus

C is:

calcaneus tuberosity

D is:

cuboid

E is:

5th metatarsal tuberosity

F is:

superimposed cuneiforms

G is:

navicular

H is:

subtalar joint

I is:

talus

where are the sesamoid bones of the foot most commonly located?

plantar surface near head of first metatarsal

what is the name of the tarsal bone found on the medial side of the foot between the talus and three cuneiforms?

navicular

which is considered the smallest tarsal bone?

intermediate cuneiform

what is another term for the talocalcaneal joint?

subtalar

T or F: the mortise of the ankle should be totally open and visible on a correctly positioned AP projection of the ankle

F

what is the correct central-ray centering placement for an AP projection of the toes?

affected metatarsophalangeal joint

which type of central-ray angle is required for an AP projection of the toes?

10- to 15-degree posterior

which projection is used for the sesamoid bones of the foot?

tangential

how much foot rotation is required for the AP oblique, medial rotation projection of the foot?

30-40 degrees

what is another term for the AP projection of the foot?

dorsoplantar projection

what CR angle is generally required for the AP projection of the foot?

10-degree posterior

which projection of the foot best demonstrates the cuboid?

AP oblique-medial rotation

which of the following pathologic conditions involves a large band ligament found in the forefoot?

lisfranc injury

which of the following conditions may produce the radiographic appearance of a destructive lesion with an irregular periosteal reaction?

osteogenic sarcoma

where is the central ray placed for a plantodorsal axial projection of the calcaneus?

base of third metatarsal

which ankle projection is best for demonstrating the mortise of the ankle?

AP oblique (15- to 20-degree medial rotation)

a radiograph of a plantodorsal (axial) projection of the calcaneus shows that the calcaneus is foreshortened. the following positioning factors were used: supine position, foot dorsiflexed perpendicular to IR, and central ray angled 30 degrees cephalad and centered to the base of the third metatarsal. which of the following should be done during the repeat exposure to produce a more diagnostic image?

increase central ray angulation to 40 degrees cephalad

a radiograph of an AP mortise projection of the ankle shows that the lateral joint space is not open with the lateral malleolus superimposed over the talus. the talus is distorted. what positioning error leads to this outcome?

excessive medial rotation

a patient is referred to radiology for a possible lisfranc injury. which of the following positioning routines best demonstrates this condition?

weight-bearing foot study

which of the following is the name of the surface of the top of the foot?

dorsal

what is the most distal part of a metatarsal?

head

how much foot rotation is required for the AP oblique, medial rotation projection of the foot?

30 to 40 degrees

what is another name for the AP projection of the foot?

dorsoplantar projection

the inferior aspect of the foot is termed:

the plantar surface

for the AP projection of the toes, the CR is directed to the:

3rd MTP joint

the most commonly performed oblique projection of the foot is the:

AP oblique with medial rotation

the central ray for an AP oblique projection of the foot is angled

0 degrees

for a lateral projection of the foot, the central ray is directed to the:

base of the third metatarsal

what is the CR angulation for the axial projection of the calcaneus?

40 degrees

to prevent lateral rotation of the ankle, how should a foot be positioned for a lateral rotation of the ankle?

in dorsiflexion

for a lateral projection of the ankle, the CR must enter the:

medial malleolus

to demonstrate the ankle mortise, the leg and foot should be rotated medially how many degrees?

15-20 degrees

how many degrees of angulation are required to open up the interphalangeal joint spaces of the toes on an AP projection?

15 degrees

how is the patient placed for a lateral projection of the great toe and second toe?

recumbent, on the medial side

T or F: the amount of obliquity for an internal oblique foot is 45 degrees

F

T or F: the amount of obliquity for an internal oblique ankle is 45 degrees

T

T or F: the two bony projections on the distal tibia and fibula are the medial and lateral epicondyles

F

T or F: when the patient is positioned for a lateral foot/ankle, the dorsal surface of the foot is perpendicular to the IR

T

T or F: the first metatarsal has a tuberosity that is prominent at its base

F

T or F: when the patient is positioned for a lateral foot/ankle, the foot forms a 90 degree with the tibia and fibula

T

which tarsal bone is the largest?

calcaneus

which tarsal bone articulates superiorly on the calcaneus?

talus

which tarsal bone is located between the calcaneus and the 4th and 5th metatarsals?

cuboid

which tarsal bone is lateral from the cuneiforms?

cuboid

which tarsal bone is located between the talus and cuneiforms?

navicular

which tarsal bones articulate with the metatarsals?

three cuneiforms, cuboid

which tarsal bone forms part of the ankle joint?

talus

name the two bones are the lower leg

tibia and fibula

name the lateral bone of the lower leg

fibula

name the smaller bone of the lower leg

fibula

give another name for the ankle joint

mortise

what forms the ankle joint?

lateral malleolus, medial malleolus, talus

the foot contains a total of _____ bones

26

the phalanges make up _____ of the bones

14

the metatarsals are made up of ___ bones

5

the tarsals are made up of ___ bones

7

the most distal bones of the foot are the:

phalanges, or toes

the five digits are labeled 1-5 starting on the ___________ side

medial or great toe

the first digit is similar to the thumb and contains just ______ phalanges

two

the great toe consists of a ____________ phalanx

proximal and distal