mendel's laws

what was gregor mendel known for?

• working in his monastery garden in the mid-1800s → concentrating on peas

pure breeding lines

• all offspring from matings within those lines have the same character

• for example: following self-pollination, all offspring from a pure-breeding plant giving green peas, will also give green peas

mendel’s laws:1

• law of segregation: during gamete formation, members of a gene pair separate equally. Each gamete carriers one allele for each gene (you end up with the same allele ratio that you started with)

mendel’s law: 2

• law of independent assortment: during gamete formete formation, chromosome pairs segregate independently of each other

mendel’s laws: 3

• law of dominance: alleles can be dominant or recessive. An organism with at least one dominant allele will display the effect of this allele

recombinant genotypes

• different from parents

many complex traits are…

• not discrete phenotypes controlled by a single gene