cholinergic drugs

direct cholinergic drugs

actions: stimulates muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the. GU tract

relaxes smooth muscle of the bladder and sphincter

allows for urination

affects the PARAsympathetic nervous system

bethanechol

uses: non obstructive urinary retention, GERD

ADR: urianry incontinence, diarrhea, gi cramps, bradycardia, toxicity

contraindications: urinary obstruction, asthma, bowel. obstruction

interactions: anticholinergic drugs

n/c: administer on an empty stomach

give 1 hr before o r 2 hrs after a meal

monitor I&O

myasthenia gravis symptoms

muscle w eakness

inability to chew and swallow

drooping eyelids

difficulty breathing

extreme fatigue

inability to perform repetitive movement

myasthenia gravis is due to

inability to connect to nicotinic cholinergic receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to impaired muscle contraction.

indirect cholinergic drugs

actions: these. drugs improve. nerve impulses by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine

may be used to t read neuromuscular disorders or memory disorders such as Alzheimers or MG

pyridostigmine

uses: Myasthenia Gravis, reversing certain anesthetic arugs

ADR: toxicity, cholinergic crisis (sludge, dumbbells), bronchospasm, bronchoconstriction

contraindications: asthma, bowel obstruction, urinary obstruction

interactions: succinylcholine (prolongs anesthesia)

n/c: monitor for sings of toxicity

be prepared to assist ventilation

the antidote for toxicity is atropine

have a medical alert bracelet or ID

cholinergic crisis s/s

severe abd cramping, diarrhea, excessive salivation, muscle weakness, rigidity and spasm, clenching of the jaw, miosis and bradycardia.

sludge (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastric, emesis)