Psych Unit 1 test

Amygdala

________- two almond- shaped neural clusters that are components of the limbic system and are linked to emotion (Linked with fear and aggression)

Norepinephrine

________- what it does (controls alertness and arousal) examples (under- supply can depress mood)

Cerebellum

________- helps coordinate voluntary movement and balance.

Endorphins

________- what it does (linked to pain, control and to pleasure)

Reticular Formation

________- a nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal.

Thalamus

________- directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla.

Pons

________- handles unconscious processes and jobs, such as your sleep- wake cycle and breathing.

Dopamine

________- what it does (Influences movement, learning, attention and emotion) examples (often linked to Schizophrenia, Brain produces tremors, Parkinsons)

Serotonin

________- what it does (affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal) examples (under- supply causes depression)

Acetylcholine

________- what it does (Enables muscle action, learning and memory) examples (Under- supply marks Alzheimers disease)

Synapse

________- junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.

Glutamate

________- what it does (major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory) examples (over- supply can produces migraines or seizures)

pea sized body

A(n) ________ attached to the base of the brain, the pituitary is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands.

Myelin Sheath

________- covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses.

Corpus Callosum

________- large band of neural fibers, connects the two brain hemispheres, carries messages between the hemispheres.

Medulla

________- the base of the brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing.

Hypothalamus

________- neural structure lying below (hypo) the thalamus; directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature and it is linked to emotion)

Hippocampus

________- the center of emotion, memory, and the autonomic nervous system.

Terminal Knobs

________- form junctions with other cells.

Dendrites

________- receive messages from other cells.

Axon

________- passes messages away from the body to other neurons.

Neuron

________- basic building block of the nervous system.

Frontal lobe

________- Prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, Brocas cortex.

cell body

the cells life support

dendrites

receive messages from other cells

axon

passes messages away from the body to other neurons

Myelin Sheath

covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses

Terminal Knobs

form junctions with other cells

neuron

basic building block of the nervous system

Action Potential

A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon

Synapse

junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron

Acetylcholine

what it does (Enables muscle action, learning and memory) examples (Under-supply marks Alzheimers disease)

Dopamine

what it does (Influences movement, learning, attention and emotion) examples (often linked to Schizophrenia, Brain produces tremors, Parkinsons)

Serotonin

what it does (affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal) examples (under-supply causes depression)

GABA

what it does (major inhibitory neurotransmitter) examples (undersupply linked to seizures, tremors and insomnia)

Glutamate

what it does (major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory) examples (over-supply can produces migraines or seizures)

Endorphins

what it does (linked to pain, control and to pleasure)

Nervous System

the bodys speedy, electrochemical communication system

Autonomic Nervous System

controls self-regulated actions of internal organs and glands

Somatic Nervous System

controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

Sympathetic

arousing (fast)(fight or flight system)

Parasympathetic

calming (slow)(long-term survival)

Hypothalamus

neural structure lying below (hypo) the thalamus; directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature and it is linked to emotion)

Amygdala

two almond-shaped neural clusters that are components of the limbic system and are linked to emotion (Linked with fear and aggression)

Pituitary gland

the major endocrine gland

Hippocampus

the center of emotion, memory, and the autonomic nervous system

Frontal lobe

Prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, Brocas cortex

Parietal lobe

sensory cortex, wernickes cortex

Occipital lobe

visual cortex

Temporal lobe

auditory cortex

Cerebellum

helps coordinate voluntary movement and balance

Medulla

the base of the brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing

Reticular Formation

a nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal

Pons

handles unconscious processes and jobs, such as your sleep-wake cycle and breathing

Corpus Callosum

large band of neural fibers, connects the two brain hemispheres, carries messages between the hemispheres

Thalamus

directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Sensory Cortex

responsible for receiving and processing sensory information from across the body, such as touch, temperature, and pain

Motor cortex

generates signals to direct the movement of the body

Prefrontal cortex

Digests and processes sensations

Brocas Area

allows you to speak

Wernickes Area

processes language

Brain Plasticity

the brains capacity for modification, as evident in brain reorganization following damage (especially in children) and in experiments on the effects of experience on brain development