Module 3 Immunology

Father of vaccines

Edward Jenner

What disease was wiped out in the most of the world in only 2 decades?

Polio

Two scientists that discovered that the serum of animals contained antitoxic activity. Year?

Behring and Kitasato. 1890

passive immunity

Short term protection by transferring premade antibodies from another host

What are the two goals of vaccines? [finish]

Keep pathogen from infecting or lower the amount of pathogens that take over and prevent severity

sterilizing immunity

completely trying to prevent infection through neutralizing antibodies

Why can’t T cells block infection?

They need MHCs, which shows that infections has already taken place, they can’t sterilize because they DO NOT directly attack pathogens

What are the 7 vaccine platforms?

1. killed/inactivated

2. attenuated

3. subunit

4. recombinant vector

5. nucleic acid toxoid

6. polysaccharide

kill/inactivated vaccine

killed with chemicals (usually against viruses)

attenuated vaccine

weakened form of pathogen

subunit vaccine

proteins from the pathogen

recombinant vector

use a bacteria or virus to express proteins from another pathogen

nucleic acid vaccine

insertion of mRNA or plasmid DNA

toxoid vaccine

inactivated versions of a toxins (protein)

polysaccharide vaccine

carb subunits and can be linked to a conjugate (protein)

MHCs present which type of molecules? Which do they NOT typically present?

peptides; polysaccharides and lipids

T/F some pathogens can change their surface antigens to evade antibody binding.

True