ANTH Chapter 5: Forensic Taphonomy

Flashcards focused on key concepts and terms related to forensic taphonomy.

What is taphonomy?

The study of processes affecting the preservation and decomposition of biological remains.

What is Algor mortis?

The postmortem cooling of the body, occurring at a rate of approximately 1° per hour for the first 12 hours.

What does Livor mortis indicate?

The settling of blood due to gravity, observable within 30 minutes to 4 hours after death, and becoming pronounced at 12 hours.

What is Rigor mortis and when does it peak?

The stiffening of muscles after death, peaking around 12 hours after death and lasting for a day or two.

What is putrefaction?

The microbial breakdown of tissue, leading to color changes and gas production.

What is mummification?

The preservation of remains through desiccation or drying out of the body.

What environmental condition favors saponification?

Wet internment, which leads to the formation of adipocere or 'grave wax'.

What does diagenesis refer to?

Chemical, physical, or biological changes to bones after burial.

What are the most common scavengers in forensic cases?

Insects, carnivores, and rodents.

What factors can influence the postmortem interval?

Temperature, body weight, humidity, and soil pH.

What is the significance of total body score (TBS)?

Used to calculate accumulated degree days (ADD) based on decomposition stages.

How do aquatic conditions affect decomposition rates?

Aquatic decomposition occurs at about half the rate of land decomposition, influenced by temperature and water chemistry.

What role do plants play in forensic taphonomy?

Plants can help locate burials, and their analysis can provide information on burial conditions.

What are some common funerary practices?

Embalming, use of coffins or encasements, and artificial implants.