urinary system + kidney

RIGHT and LEFT KIDNEY

Maintains the electrolyte balance of blood

CORTEX

Filtration of blood

RENAL PYRAMID IN MEDULLA

Collects urine

RENAL COLUMN

Pathway for blood vessels to and from the nephron

MINOR CALYX

Passes urine from renal papilla to major calyx

MAJOR CALYX

Carries urine from minor calyces and sends it to the renal pelvis

RENAL PELVIS

Receives urine from the major calices

RIGHT and LEFT ADRENAL GLAND

Makes medullary and cortical hormones

LEFT RENAL ARTERY

Brings blood to the left kidney

LEFT RENAL VEIN

Takes filtered blood away from the left kidney

RIGHT RENAL ARTERY

Brings blood to the right kidney

RIGHT RENAL VEIN

Takes filtered blood away from the right kidney

INFERIOR VENA CAVA

Carries deoxygenated blood back from abdomen to the heart

ABDOMINAL AORTA

Carries oxygenated blood to the inferior part of body

RIGHT and LEFT URETER

Collects urine from the renal pelvis and sends it to the bladder

URINARY BLADDER

Collects urine from ureters

URETERAL ORIFICE

Opening of the ureter into the bladder

TRIGONE

Area of three openings: from right and left ureters and the urethra

INTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE

Opening of the proximal inner portion of the urethra

INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER

Smooth muscle (involuntary) valve guarding the ureteral orifice

URETHRA

Takes urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body

CAPILLARY BED

The capillaries surrounding the renal tubule

COLLECTING DUCT

collects the urine from distal convoluted tubules and carries it to the renal papilla

LOOP OF HENLE/ASCENDING LOOP/DESCENDING LOOP

Secretion of hydrogen and potassium ions and creatinine into filtrate

PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

carries filtrate from glomerulus to descending loop of Henle

EFFERENT ARTERIOLE

Takes blood from the glomerulus to the peritubular capillaries

AFFERENT ARTERIOLE

Brings blood from the interlobular arteries to the glomerulus

GLOMERULUS

Filtration of blood

BOWMAN’S CAPSULE

Encloses the glomerulus

INTERLOBULAR ARTERIES

Takes blood from the Arcuate Artery to the Afferent Arteriole

ARCUATE ARTERIES

Brings blood from the interlobar artery to the interlobular artery

PAPILLA OF THE PYRAMID

Takes the filtrate from the collecting duct to the renal papillae and calyces

RENAL PYRAMID

Collects urine and passes it to renal papilla & minor calyces.

RENAL PAPILLA/ SIEVE LIKE PAPILLAE

Takes the filtrate from the collecting duct to the renal papillae and calyces

FIBROUS CAPSULE

The thin layer of fibrous outer membrane of the kidney

CUT ENDS OF PELVIC BONES

The bones that make up the hips

SIGMOID COLON

The last third of the large intestine

SPINAL COLUMN

The bones that form the spine

PSOAS MAJOR MUSCLE

internal muscles attached to the spinal column and the pelvis

ESOPHAGUS

A tube for foods and liquids to enter the stomach

DIAPHRAGM

muscular layer separating abdominal organs from thorax organs

PARTS OF THE RIB CAGE

The bones that make up the ribs

ILIAC ARTERY

large arteries branching off from the aorta and to the legs

ILIAC VEIN

large veins from the legs and combining to form the inferior vena cava

area cribrosa

receive urine from renal pyramids and empties into the calyces

hilus / hilum

Area where renal arteries, veins, ureters enter and leave the kidney

adrenal artery (medium sized kidney )

Takes blood to the adrenal gland

adrenal vein (medium sized kidney)

Takes blood away from the adrenal gland

filtration membrane

Filtration

PODOCYTES

Filtration

GLOMERULAR CAPILLARY

Filtration of blood

COLLECTING TUBULE

carries filtrate from distal convoluted tubule to renal papilla

DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE

carries filtrate from ascending loop of Henle to collecting duct

INTERLOBULAR VEIN

Takes blood from the peritubular capillaries and sends it to the arcuate vein

PERITUBULAR CAPILLARIES

Absorption of filtrate

NEPHRON

Filtration of blood by nephrons

MEDULLA

Filtration of blood by nephrons

PAPILLARY DUCT

Takes the filtrate from the collecting duct to the renal papillae and calyces

VASA RECTA

Absorption of filtrate

INTERLOBAR VEIN

Takes blood from the arcuate veins and sends it to the renal vein

ARCUATE VEIN

Takes blood from the interlobular vein and sends it to the interlobar vein

RENAL CORPUSCLE

Filtration of the blood.

INTERLOBAR ARTERY

Takes blood from the segmental artery and sends it to the arcuate artery

COLLECTING DUCT

collects the urine from distal convoluted tubules and carries it to the renal papilla.

papillary duct of bellini (MUELLER‐WARD MODEL of RENAL LOBULE)

Takes the filtrate from the collecting duct to the renal papillae and calyces