AICE International History: The Industrial Revolution

These flashcards cover the origins, causes, and impacts of the Industrial Revolution, including technological advancements in steam power and transportation, and the resulting social and economic changes.

According to the lecture, when and where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the late 1700s.

How did production shift during the Industrial Revolution?

Production shifted from hand labor and small workshops to machinery, factories, and large-scale production.

Beyond production, what other four areas did industrialization change?

Industrialization changed production, society, transportation, and global economic relationships.

What five favorable conditions did Britain possess that helped start industrialization?

1. Coal and iron resources; 2. Capital available for investment; 3. A growing labor force; 4. Expanding trade and access to overseas markets; 5. Transportation networks.

Industrialization developed through the interaction of what four elements?

Industrialization developed through the interaction of resources, technology, capital, and markets.

How is the factory system defined in the notes?

The factory system is the concentration of workers, machines, and production in one location.

What was one of the most important early examples of mechanized production during the Industrial Revolution?

Mechanized textile production.

What were the effects of mass production on manufactured goods?

Mass production lowered the cost of many manufactured goods and increased the amount of goods available for sale.

What became the major source of energy for industrial economies and the fuel for steam engines?

Coal became the major source of energy and the fuel for steam engines.

To what three areas could steam power be applied?

Steam power could be applied to factories, railroads, and steamships.

What destinations were connected by railroads during the Industrial Revolution?

Railroads connected mines, factories, cities, ports, and markets.

How did steamships impact overseas transportation?

Steamships reduced travel time and made overseas transportation more reliable.

What contributed to rapid urbanization during this period?

Factories creating jobs in cities and rural workers increasingly moving toward industrial centers.

What new social class developed as a result of industrialization?

A large industrial working class.

What specific raw materials did industrial producers need a reliable supply of?

Industrial producers needed cotton, metals, minerals, and other agricultural and natural resources.

What new debates were produced by industrial society?

Industrial society produced new debates about labor, class, reform, and the role of government.