unit 1 APUSH vocab

incas

a highly advanced civilization that existed in South America, primarily in modern-day Peru, known for their impressive architectural and agricultural achievements, including the construction of Machu Picchu.

aztecs

a significant Mesoamerican civilization that thrived in central Mexico, renowned for their contributions to agriculture, architecture, and the arts, including the construction of Tenochtitlan. Maze is primary food source

nation states

one united land sharing the same culture

three-sister farming

a highly effective agricultural system developed by Native American societies, involving the simultaneous planting of corn, beans, and squash, which complemented each other in growth and nutrition.

Plantation

a large-scale agricultural estate mainly focused on the production of crops such as tobacco, sugar, or cotton, often relying on enslaved labor.

treaty of Tordesillas

A 1494 agreement between Spain and Portugal that divided newly discovered lands in the Americas, establishing their respective spheres of influence and reducing conflict between the two nations.

Encomienda

give colonist the right to commend the natives and christianize them

Noche triste

“sad night” the Aztec attack the Spanish which caused them to siege the city killing almost all the natives 1520

Capitalism

the exploration of the new world allowed the European population to own private land and companies allowing for more explorations

Mestizos

the mix of european and Indian heritage

conquistadores

the spainish conquerors exploring the world allowing for Spain to be wealthy

Battle of Acoma

the Spanish abuse of natives including the harsh treatments like cutting of legs and harms to show off power and glory allowing fear in the natives

pueblo revolt

in 1690 the natives group together to fight of the Spainish colonist burned churches and killed priest was one of the most successful rebels in America

Black legend

a concept that the spanish was the cause of natives suffering, angering the natives to fight back, it was conspired that the protestants caused this rumor