Unit 0 Quiz #2

Psychology

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Empiricism

Information is collected by objective observations and experimentation using the scientific method.

Structuralism

An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind (WUNDT, TITCHENER).

Introspection

The process of looking inward in an attempt to directly observe one's own psychological process -developed by Wundt.

Functionalism

A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish (William James).

Behaviorism

Focuses on explaining observable behaviors. We behave in ways because we have been conditioned to do so. Skinner

humanistic psychology

Perspective that emphasizes the GROWTH POTENTIAL of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth- think Maslow and Carl Rogers

Cognitive Psychology

an approach to psychology that emphasizes internal mental processes (thinking) and how we view the world.

nature-nurture issue

The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors

Natural Selection

Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully

levels of analysis

the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon

biopsychosocial approach

An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

basic research

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.

applied research

Research designed to help with everyday, practical problems.

counseling psychology

A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

clinical psychology

A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

psychiatry

A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders able to prescribe medical/drug treatments as well as psychological therapy.