BSC2086 Practice Test #3

Embryos will develop as female if

there is no testosterone present

Why are the testes kept externally in males?

lowers the temperature

Which of the following fill with blood during an erection?

corpus cavernosa and corpus spongiosum

Puberty in males is initiated by an increase in

GnRH

During meiosis,

The chromosome number is reduced by half

In meiosis, crossing over occurs during

meiosis 1

Sperm are produced in the

seminiferous tubules

During spermatogenesis

the 2n primary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis 1 to form the n secondary spernatocyte

Which of the following are necessary for sperm motility

energy source and elevated pH

The muscular layer of the uterus is the

myometrium

The lining of the vagina undergoes metaplasia, changing the cells from

simple cuboidal to stratified squamous

The clitoris is homologous with the

glans

During oogenesis

1 ovum and 2 polar bodies are formed

A follicle is

an oocyte and surrounding tissue

After ovulation, the remnant of the follicle is called

corpus luteum

The secondary oocyte is arrested in

metaphase 2

Which hormone is absolutely necessary for ovulation to occur?

LH

During oogenesis, meiosis 2 completes

at fertilization

In addition to forming ova, the ovaries produce

estrogen and progesterone

What hormone triggers development of follicles?

FSH

During which phase are progesterone levels at their highest?

premenstrual phase

FSH is at its highest levels during

follicular phase

During the luteal phase, progesterone

thickens and maintains the endometrium

Normally menstruation occurs when

blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease

What is shed during menstruation?

the functional layer of the endometrium

If pregnancy occurs, which hormone maintains the viability of the corpus luteum?

This statement best describes the formation of a polar body during the process of oogenesis:

formed before and after fertilization

Of a 28-day menstrual cycle (ovarian cycle), ovulation occurs on which day

14th

Metabolites of which hormone are detected by pregnancy tests?

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)

Onset of puberty in females is strongly tied to

body fat percentage

During pregnancy, which hormone is primarily responsible for causing tissue growth?

estrogen

Which of the following are expected changes that occur during pregnancy?

increased blood volume, increased basal metabolic rate, increased cardiac output

Oxytocin is released in response to

cervical stretching

During which stage of labor does crowning occur

expulsion

Which of the following is NOT a stage of both male and female sexual response?

refractory

From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen moving outward.

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa

Which of the following is NOT true about the teeth? A normal adult has

4 incisors

The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by increasing the surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the following accomplish this task?

circular folds, villi, and microvilli

Hydrochloric acid is secreted by which cell in the stomach?

parietal cells

The intestinal phase of gastric secretion is

What is the function of bile?

it counteracts the hydrophobic nature of fats

Which of the following is NOT a pancreatic enzyme?

Which of the following enzymes completes the breakdown of proteins into individual amino acids?

carboxypeptidase, aminopeptidase, and dipeptidase

How is glucose absorbed by the digestive epithelium?

active transport along with sodium

During glycolysis,

a total of 4 ATP are made, but only net yield of 2 ATP

Without oxygen present, glucose is converted to

lactic acid

The major products of the Krebs cycle are

CO2, NADH, and FADH2

Energy released during the electron transport chain is used to

move H+

Fatty acid chains are broken down through

beta-oxidation

What organ is responsible for thermoregulation?

hypothalamus