Anthology voices in speech and writing

What is the GAP for the Charlie Brooker?

The genre is a newspaper article

The audience is quite wide and would be Guardian readers and fans of Brooker himself , interest in satire and due to intellectual reference to the private eye he may attract private eye readers, those of a left political stance

The purpose is to express and opinion, inform , to entertain, high level of satire

What are usual conventions of a newspaper article?

Either a broadsheet or tabloid

Headline

What is the voice of Charlie Brooker's article?

Reflective (self aware)

Self depreciating

Conversational

Direct

Confrontational

Critical

Satirical/ incongruous

How is the self aware voice of Charlie Brooker vocalised in the text?

" too much talk for one planet: why I'm reducing my word emissions" - the headline proses the origin of the extended metaphor of pollution and excess causing pollution.

Juxtaposition of broad and individual "too much" and "one" emphasis in terms of volume in terms of damage caused by us as individuals and the possessive pronoun "My" indicates how he reflects of what he personally has done which creates a personal element for the audience as fans of him.

" I've been overwhelmed by the amount of jabber in the world and the vast cloud of blah" - the informal lexis and colloquialism creates a sense of mocking due to the "blah" which is a noun and usually represents importance grammatically however it is used to demonstrate boredom which reflects Brooker's views of the writers that edit the news paper even though he is currently writing for them also self deprecating tone.

How is the conversational tone communicated in the Charlie Brooker text?

"Eagle - Eyed readers" - idiom which enforces effective communication between Brooker and his audience as they represent shared knowledge therefore indicating how Brooker may feel comfortable in the presence of the audience causing a conversational tone to arise

"when a paragraph in the private eye" The reference to the Private eye is an element of Jargon as the audience of Brooker are potentially those of an educated stance and left wing therefore the use of the this assumed knowledge it ensures clarity and cohesion of Brooker when communicating with a target audience

"(not true)" "(also not true)" "(not entirely true)" the parenthesis and repetition of this creates a light hearted tone and crafts humour. It also clarifies the liminal space of truth and fiction

"This led to an intense flurry of activity by which i mean four people asked my about it" - Element of bathos created by juxtaposition of the adjective "intense" and quantifier "four" as Brooker crafts excitement and interest yet reaches an underwhelming conclusion

How is the direct/ confrontational voice created in the Charlie Brooker text?

"incidentally I'm aware this is Olympic-level navel gazing"

-Hyperbole/metaphor which creates the ideal that Brooker is rather self absorbed as "navel gazing" refers to a self observation and excessively focusing on personal problems therefore he is self deprecating

"you're a human being with free will" - direct address

" who can stop reading at any time. Here have a full stop." - imperative

"and another. and another" - repetition and minor sentences

"there are exits all over this building" - extended metaphor of a building

"now get out" - imperative , seemingly confrontational but he is aiming to enforce the reader's choice

How does Charlie Brooker construct a satirical / incongruous voice?

"I'm an elderly man from the age of steam who clings irrationally" - adverb "irrationally" creates more self deprecation due to it referring to a minimised thought process possibly to ensure an authentic tone

"outmoded belief that articles and letter pages should be kept separate"- shared knowledge, emphasis of his age and distaste for the modern day , aiming to communicate to reader age which are older therefore creating complex humour for younger audiences

" i am sitting grumpily in a spaceship with my arms folded, wearing a stovepipe hat ridiculous" - contrast of something revolutionary with something negative , metaphor , incongruity and hyperbole which is reflective of his self image as someone who is out of the loop due to his supposed old age.

How does Charlie Brooker construct a critical voice?

Parodies internet trolls

" the ugly bitch, boo, go home bitch go home" the use of pejoratives create a harsh and unpleasant tone due to association with intimidation.

"bitch" the colloquialism and profanity enhances anger and possibly negatively showing aspects of celebrity life. The traditional profanity associated with the female gender - reflective of misogyny

Non standard forms towards end of this phrase as structurally meant to represent the process of anger of internet trolls which creates authenticity

1.2 - What is the GAP of Ian Birrell's article?

G- Article for the independent newspaper which is a broadsheet and opinion piece yet grounded in public affairs

A- readers of the 'i' , public audience , left stance , educated audience , fans of Ian who feel passionately about the disabled and those is marginalised groups

P- raise awareness , inform and persuade ( acting as a reminder)

1.2- What is the context for Ian Birrell's article?

Ian is a foreign correspondent and a campaigner (those with autism) therefore typical conventions of his speech being hyperbolic language and an element of motivation

Daughter is disabled which creates an element of subjectivity

Has a political standing

1.2- What type of voices are present in Ian Birrell's article?

Direct

Anecdotal

Reflective

Critical

Mocking

1.2 How is a direct voice created in Ian Birrell's article?

Headline - "As gay people celebrate the treatment of the disabled just gets worse" = example of antithesis of celebration and getting worse. Present tense which creates a sense of immediacy for not just celebration but acknowledgement of degrading treatment. The subordinate clause being placed at the start creates a sharp lens of focus and amplifies the writer's direct agenda. The intensifier "just" creates a sense of plea and passion which is a convention of a campaigner.

Pull quote/tag line = "With spending cuts looming , are we content to leave one minority locked out of society as second class citizens? . The verb "looming" creates an impending doom , a projection of more difficult to come. The rhetorical question is highly challenging towards the reader to be reflective of their place is society and the metaphor "locked out " crafts a sense of exclusion. "second -class citizens"- familiar collocations

1.2- How is an anecdotal voice crafted?

"They were clearing up confetti...."

The third person plural pronoun "they" creates a sense of distance which raises a question of identity

Triad of actions " clearing up confetti , nursing hangovers and disappearing on honeymoons" which creates a semantic field of celebration

The adjective "traditional" demonstrates a shift in values and understanding - preventing gay marriage to decriminalisation

Crafts a story of development

1.2 How is a reflective voice crafted?

"we should rejoice at the speed with which people who were once jailed , mocked and used as a political football have taken their correct place at the heart of society."

The adjective "once" refers to changing times and reflection of the happiness and comfort created

Change to first person plural pronoun creating a sense of unity and togetherness

"should" - modal verb enforces an attempt to be inclusive

"as a political football" - metaphor yet also a familiar collocation as it refers to usually a marginalised group who are noticed but not valued by political parties who instead exploit them for gaining votes - demonstrating previous abuse will appease the left stance audience

1.2 How is a critical voice created in Ian Birrell's article?

" we have seen a similar rapid shift...."

Whole text structure shift

"all the discussion" "talk of tolerance" - nouns discussion and talk is broad , plosive alliteration mirrors a critical tone linking to adjectivetital phrase "self congratulatory"

Metaphor of exclusion amplified by verb "stuck"

2.1 What is the GAP of the Oscar wilde text?

complicated

G- autobiography but began as a letter (50,000 word long) as a way of managing existence in Gaol

A- complex , private audience in terms of himself/Boise but also public audience (fans and critics)

P- love letter initially (angst) , catharsis and self expression as a private audience , for a public audience it is a communicator to critics - to educate and to inform

2.1 What is the context of the Oscar wilde text?

Boise (Lord Alfred Douglas) - lover and possible recipient of De Profundis

Reasons of ending up in Reading Gaol due to difficult relationship between him and Boise and his father

Wilde tried to sue Boise's father for criminal libel and using homophobic slurs was convinced against and law found evidence of gross indecency

2.1 What are the voices in the Oscar Wilde text?

reflective

self aware

confident

anecdotal

defiant

descriptive

Challenging

2.1 How is a reflective voice created in Oscar Wilde text?

"i want to get to the point when i shall be able to say quite simply and without affectation that the two great turning points of my life were when m father sent me to oxford and when society sent me to prison"

Written in present tense - sense of looking to feel closure as he isn't at the point yet

Adverbials - "quite simply " Without affectation" suggest a need for truth and honesty

"when my father sent me to oxford and when society sent me to prison" - syntactically parallel and equally balanced coordinate clauses. Theme of agency - wilde is always the object which provides a sense of powerlessness and reflection

2.1 How is a self aware/ persuasive voice created in Oscar Wilde text?

Through the use of rhetoric

"The important thing , the thing that lies before me the things i have to do." - anadiplosis and anaphora creating an emphasis on the vague noun "thing" which creates a daunting tone

"maimed , marred and incomplete" - triad and metaphor of his final days being tainted with pain and anguish which are tied together with nasal alliteration creating a sense of darkness and the unknown

"to accept it without complaint, fear or reluctance" - triad , self aware of what his actions must entail to overthrow the agency ( him being the subject) highly emotional which relinquishes his angst towards Boise father

2.1 How is a confident and powerful voice created?

" the supreme vice is shallowness. Whatever is realised is right"

- emotive remodifying adjective "supreme" emphasis audience to look deep which mirrors philosophical ideals

Epigrammatic form - these two declarative sentences which is common convention of Wilde's writing as seen is Dorian grey. The use of this creates a strong impact by distilling complex ideas into simple sentences

2.1 How is a defiant/anecdotal voice created in Oscar Wilde text?

" When i was first put into prison some people advised me to try and forget who i was. It was ruinous advice"

Vague language created by indefinite determiner "some" which demonstrates how Wilde views the advice as unnecessary and unhelpful which motivates his defiance also mirrors the conventions of an anecdote due to complex details being left to evoke sympathy

Simple declarative indicates the anger

"ruinous" emotive attributing adjective

2.2 What is the context of Maya Angelou's text?

She is a poet , writer and political activist

Deals with themes like racism , identity and family

Difficult relationship with mother

Suffered from mutism

2.2 What is the GAP of Maya Angelou's piece?

G- Autobiography (expect past tense)

A- Intended for a public audience and open for consumption , fans of Maya Angelou, people interested literary non fiction

P- to entertain and inform

2.2 What are the voices of Maya Angelou?

Reflective

Humorous

Bitter

Nostalgic

Optimistic

2.2 How is a reflective voice constructed within Maya Angelou text?

"By the time i was twenty two..." - temporal discourse marker - convention of genre

"i was living in San Francisco, i had a five year old son , two jobs , two rented rooms and cooking privileges down the hall" - listing in order of importance

Juxtaposition of lifestyle:

"My mother had moved into another

large Victorian house"

" again filled with Gothic , heavily carved furniture, the upholstery on the sofa and occasional chairs.." - sematic field of interior wealth

"another" determiner indicates a common routine of mother

2.2 How is humour created in Maya Angelou's text?

"mysterious red , white and brown concoction" triad of colours creates chaos and weirdness almost replicating a childhood picture therefore resonating with personal audience and crafting unconventional humour

Semantic field of humour in that part of extract

" so I and my son guy were always loyal , if often unhappy, diners at chez Jefferson" - parenthesis conveys a conversational tone and light heartedness

Setting up image of food and relationships.

2.2 How is bitterness created in Maya Angelou piece?

At beginning of extract

"Mother picked up Guy twice a week and took him to her house where she fed him peaches and cream and hot dogs but i only went to Fulton street once a month at an agreed-upon time"

Resonated with the relationship of her mother and her son - envy?

Clues about formality - "Mother"?

usage of "Fulton street" being a proper noun creates formality instead of calling it home. Creates an artificial and transactional dynamic between Maya and her Mother

2.2 How is a nostalgic voice created within Maya Angelou's text?

"her formal dark dining room and into the large bright kitchen" - juxtaposition of situations and how the remembrance of eating with her mother removes pretentiousness and discomfort and instead brings in "light" which could resemble a transition within her life.

Short minor sentences

"Much of lunch was already on the table" and " Vivian Baxter was very serious about her delicious meals" - indicates an element of significance of the memory and urgency

"On that long time ago" - temporal discourse marker indicates nostalgic memory and significance

3.1 What is the context of the Alan Bennet text?

Actor, Author and playwright

Popular within society

Famous for yearly diaries

3.1 What is the GAP for the Alan Bennet text?

G- Diary

A- Intended for publication , public as well as private , Fans of Alan Bennet , readers of literary

non fiction

Private audience intended for reflection

P- Entertain and to inform

3.1 What are the voices of the Alan Bennet text?

Humorous

Informal

Rebellious

Mocking

Nostalgic / admiring

3.1 How is a Humorous/ informal voice created in Alan Bennet text?

"3 January , Yorkshire"

Temporal discourse marker ensures clarity for the readers and is typical convention of a diary

"the year kicks off" Informal verb/idiom which crafts conversational tone

"small trespass" oxymoron due to the act of a trespass being something big socially and criminal and small references to being insignificant and unnoticeable which creates comedy- litotes

" Rams gill via Ripon and Thirsk to Rievalux" presumed knowledge between him and reader which creates a conversational tone

3.1 How is a rebellious voice created within Alan Bennet's text?

Childlike - heart-warming to read which reinforces the popular reputation within his readership

"illicit delight" creates an ideal of restricted pleasure which motivated rebellion

Adverb "empty" reiterates the trespassing

3.2 What is the context of the eye witness account text?

Served between 1916-1919

Sapper- technical engineer

Impact of world war 1 propaganda - impact on young people , writer only being 18 ( how it may have influenced him)

3.2 What is the GAP of the eye witness account text?

Memoir - edited version of diaries

Complex

Could be for a private audience as it was initially wrote for him to reflect and record - sense of catharsis

For a public audience: historians, interest in warfare, specifically world war one

Purpose is to inform ( reflection of experiences)

3.2 What is the voice of the eye witness account?

Myriad of voices

Reflective

Bleak / critical

Disbelief

Emotive

Descriptive

Literary

Optimistic yet Naïve

3.2 How is a reflective voice created in the eye witness account text?

"At the age of eighteen" - Temporal discourse marker (conventions of the form)

"Vague" "likely" - adjectives craft a sense of uncertainty

"I was sent..." passive voice - due to his age it emphasises the hierarchy

"Roclincourt" - notorious for having the worst trenches

" i laughed at the frightened manor" - indicating of naivety and how he didn't truly understand the extent of the horror he was being brought into which could be critical of the simplicity of propaganda

"flung" - dynamic verb - panic

"flinging" deliberately using the same verb to craft resonation with the other members of his co-ord

3.2 How is a bleak/ critical voice created in the eye witness account text?

" When our guide led me into a trench filled waist deep" passive voice which reinforces the powerlessness as he is made the object literary and within the war

"-and i hesitated-" parenthesis creates a sense of disbelief

" i was wearing brand new riding-breeches, puttees and boots" - triad , military lexis and suggests expectation relates to the notion of propaganda due to hyperbolic speech and spectacular speeches

"waiting" the verb crafts a sense of helplessness

3.2 How is a voice of disbelief created in the eye witness account text?

" The Roclincourt station!" " That was Hewitt and I'm an officer"- repetition in minor exclamative

Asyndetic listing - " Four infantrymen were to assist us in carrying our weighty apparatus, the set, the accumulators , dry cells, coils of wire, earth mats, ropes" - subject specific lexis

Stark contrast of how little of them they are to how much they must do

3.2 How is an emotive/descriptive voice created in the eye witness account text?

The voice transitions in this segment " the night one of our..."

This is where we could imagine the edits being made to signify the complexity of his audience from public to private

" we found a large crucifix nearby" - strangely symbolic , seems profound in the moment

Use of dialogue

" Hewitt clambered up over the figure of Christ" - the dynamic verb " clambered" creates a sense of inexperience or panic

" It was our first experience of enemy machine gun -fire" Inclusive possessive pronoun indicates a sense of togetherness and the ripple effect - perhaps the figure of Christ altered the events

3.2 How is a literary voice created in the eye witness account text?

Crafted with anaphoric structures "to dig" "to hold" "to fix"

" German machine fun tat-tatting all around" - Onomatopoeia brings towards reality

Parallel of "Jesus" giving up his life and them giving up their life - emphasises through the phrases "figure offering foothold" " outstretched arms"

4.1 What is the context of Ride of Two Halves

Written in 2014 - assisting editor of Road Cycling UK

Well known within the field

Reference to Wheels on Wheels

4.1 What is the GAP of Ride of Two Halves?

G- Blog

A- Public consumption , specific: enthusiasts of Outdoor sports , Travel enthusiasts , Fans of George Scott

P- to inform and entertain to maintain viewership - possible persuade

4.1 What are the voices within Ride of Two Halves?

Conversational

Pride/ Enthusiasts

Emotive/ descriptive

Positive/celebratory

4.1 How is a conversational voice created in Ride of Two Halves?

"A ride of two halves.. " given this section of the blog a title and it plays on an idiom game of two halves - exchanged the noun game for ride which provides a sense of familiarity and specifics - sets up a paradox of reward and battle

"Day two mountain ride" - temporal discourse marker which are a common feature within the text

" sore legs" - informality emphasis of struggle and hardship

Exophoric reference - presuming that people have read the first entry

"Trouble is , we now had a headwind..." - discourse marker, elliptical phrasing creates a conversational tone and exposes the journey

"Northern classics" Subject specific lexis

Secondary semantic field of holiday contrasts with primary semantic field of cycling - " and a chance to work on tan lines in the sun , we ventured inland and continued on the planned route"

4.1 How is a pride/ enthusiastic voice created in Ride of Two Halves?

" After a short descent" discourse marker which is common feature throughout the text and creates a linear structure which mirrors that of a journey of a cycle

" de-tour" - noun creates a sense of freedom , and emphasises the pride due to confidence in his abilities

Followed by " with James, who had previously visited this area before" the parenthesis dilutes the possible arrogance as he still attempts to resonate with part of his readership which may be first time cyclers

" as a ride guide for Wheels of Wheels" reference to company

4.1 How is an emotive and descriptive voice created in the Ride of Two Halves?

" by now" temporal discourse marker

" we were in the middle of nowhere" - hyperbole

" exploring unchartered territory with the wind and sun on your back" - allusion to Irish blessing ( may the road rise to meet you may the wind always be at your back) creates idealism and spiritual experience and also a sense of isolation

4.1 How is a positive and celebratory voice created in Ride of Two halves?

"James was now back on familiar territory" - juxtaposition to the "unchartered territory" a reminder of safety

"beautifully smooth , freshly laid road surface" transition from celebrating natural beauty but man made beauty showing the versatility of the experience of cycling - catering to both side of readership

" we skipped" - dynamic verb - positivity and celebratory

Ends of " some of the best riding of the camp so far" - superlative "best" emphasises the idealistic ending and immense reward and gain from cycling which could fuel the secondary purpose of persuasion

4.2 What is the context of the Past Master's Podcast?

Ministry of Defence have transferred files of UFO sightings to the National Archives

Result of the Freedom of Information Act passed by Tony Blair so people can demand access

Cultural reference to X-files

4.2 What is the GAP of the Past Master's podcast?

G- Podcast but is multimodal as it is originally a spoken transcript - construction and consumption, pre planned

A- Public audience - followers and fans but nature of podcast attract a wider range ( UFO , Conspiracy theories , Sci-fi , government affairs)

P- inform

entertain - to encourage viewership

4.2 What are the voices of Task Master's podcast?

Two voices due to two people speaking

Introductory

Welcoming/ friendly

Enthusiastic vs cynical

Accommodating vs challenging

Factual vs hesitant

4.2 How is an introductory voice constructed in the Task Master Podcast?

Written introduction / transcript

"ghost rockets" "mysterious spheres" - semantic field of the paranormal

This segment introduces and frames the context of the episode

"Is the truth in here?" - prepositional phrasing (pun) , rhetorical question which hooks engagement as people aim to find out the answer to this question

4.2 How is a welcoming/friendly voice created in the task master's podast?

Beginning of transcript

"I'm Bob"

"And I'm Jo" - fronted coordinate conjunction - informal and conventions of speech which consequently builds a conversational tone

"this month" - temporal discourse marker , the podcast is present every month which resonates with the common audience which creates a sense of belonging

"one of the strangest sets of records" - superlative creates a narrative hook

"very own X- files " repeated cultural allusion

4.2 How are contrasting voices of enthusiasm vs cynicism created in the Task Master's podcast?

Jo: " Mysterious lights , unexplained radar traces. Reports from military sources and members of the public..." - minor sentences created drama and excitement , her purpose excites the audience - gives an impression of their roles in the podcast and in their dynamic

"Air Ministry, the ministry of defence, the foreign office" Government lexis - factual - contrast of descriptive vs facts

Bob: "And why are we looking at this?" Interrogative - Bob can be viewed as the challenger

Adjacency pairs- convention of a podcast

Jo " Because its a fascinating insight" - Positivity making it credible

Bob: "Where's the evidence they are aliens?" - interrogative , undermines her sensationalist view ( face threatening act?)

4.2 How is an accommodating vs challenging voice created in the Task Masters Podcast?

Jo: "scepticism is very healthy but i think when you've heard some of the documents you might not be so sure"- hedging repeated shows uncertainty - possibly self contradictory due to Bob's challenging view

Bob: "I think that's very unlikely" - declarative statement which is modified by the very intensifying adverb "very"

"what have you got?" - interrogative and direct address to Jo and creating a sense of duty like she needs to defend her case

Jo contrasts this with the 1st person plural pronoun " We've got dozens of files" creates a collectiveness and brings Bob into the topic or links her self to other enthusiasts - multi purpose

5.1 What is the context of the Princess Diana Text?

Only an extract of interview

Subtle references of Camilla

In the wider interview they discussed depression

What is the GAP of the Princess Diana text?

G- Transcribed interview, questions and answers were pre prepared

A- Global audience - 23 million viewers ( both UK and universal) , subsequent viewers post controversy and even modern conflict , built in audience of panorama , those interested in royals , current affairs

P- several purposes

Bashir: in inform/ entertain / to provoke?

Diana: raise awareness

5.1 What are the voices within the Princess Diana text?

Rhetorical / inspirational

Distanced/ challenging

Frustrated/ emotional

Formal

Cautious

Defensive

Direct/metaphorical

5.1 How is a rhetorical/ inspirational voice created within the princess Diana text?

Opening complex sentence

each clause is anaphoric in structure- infinitives

Asyndetic listing - emphasis on verbs to make them seem important " to give affection, to make them feel important.."

Metaphor - " to give them light in their dark tunnels" - light being a metaphor for hope , emphasis on her purpose

Hedging: "I see it as a possibly unique role" creates hesitation

Euphemism: "And yes I've had difficulties" - reference to her mental health struggles and marital dispute , alludes to the restriction of the monarchy as she abandons specifics which is reinforced by the contextual reference "as everybody has witnessed over the years" relating to the media

Switch from first person pronoun to collective "let's" translated to let us now almost shifts the focus to the general public to resonate with them therefore her source of communication has a greater impact

Adjacency pairs from Bashir " Do you think you can?" - challenges her once inspirational viewpoint - this is his way of fulfilling the purpose to provoke an answer that will gain viewership for Panorama

Offers affirmation through repetition " I know i can , i know i can"

5.1 How is a distanced/ challenging/ informal voice created in Princess Diana text?

"Up until you came into this family" subordinate clause asserts a sense of blame and responsibility

Hedging is used to possibly reduce the impact of the challenging "seemed to" "at all to blame"

Non fluency features utilised by Diana "i mean" exploits the abandonment of pre planned speech - vulnerability?

Direct speech "Diana is out to destroy the monarchy" - hyperbole and metaphor - creates a sense of targeting

"why would i want to destroy something that is my children's future?" - emotive which is followed by a triad in the form of a syndetic list "in order for them to be happy and to be happy and carry out their duties" - emphasis on mental health first demonstrates on her priorities - could be a way to mobilise public opinion

5.1 How is a frustrated/ emotional voice created in the Princess Diana text?

" they don't care. People don't care anymore" - simple declaratives can mirror her wish not to elaborate - generalised noun "people" - justification of her belief of indifference

"They've been so force fed with marital problems" - metaphor for media

Informal tone created by noun "whatever , whatever , whatever"

5.1 How is an emotive/ formal voices created in the Princess Diana text?

Assertion of her role of motherhood

Bashir- "What are you hoping that that experience for your children - what impact that experience will have on your children?" false start, self correction possibly due to controversy when discussing topic of AIDs due to taboo of the time period

Emotive use of rhetoric

" I want them to have an understanding of people's emotions , people's insecurities , people's distress and people's hopes and dreams" - quadratic listing ( listing shifts from asyndetic to syndetic) - Diana engaging with topics of mental health , juxtaposition of pessimism and optimism

5.2 What is the context of Jay Leno and Obama interview?

The tonight show - longstanding show , format is monologue at beginning , comedic but surrounding current affairs

2013

At time of interview made decision to close 22 US embassies

Security Threats - al Qaeda

5.2 What is the GAP of the Jay Leno and Obama Interview?

G- Transcribed televised and interview , there are elements of spontaneity however the majority is pre planned

A- Wide audience

tonight show viewership , those interested in comedy / current affairs , political commentary

as well as fans of Obama - political interest

P- Several purposes

Jay Leno - to inform and entertain

Obama- reassurance / presentation of sefl/ gain support for political party

5.2 What voices are created in the Jay Leno and Obama Interview?

Welcoming/ Phatic talk / polite

Familiar/ Humorous

Self deprecating

Shifts from informal to formal

Reassuring

5.2 How is a welcoming and polite voice created in the Obama interview?

" Welcome the president of the united states" - typical polite discourse structure , forms of address - respectful and etiquette of meeting the president

adjacency pairs mirror each other provides a sense of cooperation "Thank you its good to be back" " we are thrilled to have you" its good to be back"

5.2 How is a humorous/ self deprecating voice created in the Obama Interview?

Elliptical phrasing - "So how did you celebrate Sunday? What did you do?" open question which meets convention of the form

" I had a bunch of friends" - colloquial collective noun

"And it was a sad state of affairs" - fronted coordinate conjunctions which is typical feature of speech but could also create a sense of spontaneity , idiom creates humour and it is self deprecating which could expose his purpose of trying to connect with a common audience

Jay Leno: "Really?" interrogative creates a sense of compliments and disbelief gives the president opportunity to reassert the self deprecating tone

"Where's the Ibuprofen and all that stuff?" - rhetorical question and vague language creates humour

5.2 How is the shift in tone from formal to informal created in the Obama Interview?

"Ive got to ask you about this" - declarative sentence , auxiliary verb "got" creates a sense of urgency

Segway

"this"- demonstrative pronoun , creates ambiguity

"Everyone" - indefinite pronoun which hints at shared knowledge so ambiguity is reversed

Suggests it is a common topic

"How significant is this threat?" interrogative marks the shift in tone of the interview however it is an evaluative question that gives opportunity for reassurance

5.2 How is a reassuring voice created in Obama interview ?

Obama "Well it is significant enough" - hedging , litotes down plays

Modifier " every" emphasises how through they are being

Gaining political lexis (jargon) contrast with semantic field of safety - "bolster embassy security" "specific precautions" - repetition of noun precaution

Isn't avoiding the subject as being disingenuous will not resonate with his purpose to be straightforward and accumulate support

6.1 What is the context of the King Speech text?

Set in 1930s

Reasons King needed help due to Edward's the 7th abdication so he could marry a divorcee - pressure and stress

King George had a speech impediment - stammer

6.1 What is the GAP of the King Speech text?

G- Written script

A- Initial audience is the actors due to script intended for performance

- Subsequent audience is wide: those interested in the royal family , Colin Firth as an actor due to award nominated films

P- to entertain and inform sue to being a historical event

6.1 What is the voice (s) created in the King speech text?

Informal vs formal

Conflicting/impatient

Impolite/challenging

Direct/ blunt

6.1 How is the conflict of a formal vs informal voice created?

Elliptical phrasing - deliberately informal

"Know any jokes?" (Lionel)

Bertie responds with a declarative "Timing isn't my strong suit"

Adjacency pairs

Stage directions indicate power struggle - beginning of Face threatening acts

Lionel enforces more informality

Ellison "Cuppa tea?"

Politeness "No thank you" deliberate response to face threatening act

6.1 How is a conflicting/ impatient voice created in the King speech text?

Topic Shift

"Aren't you going to start treating me Dr Logue?" - Formal address

"Only if you're interested in being treated" - conjunction enforces the face threatening act

"Please call me Lionel" Imperative is softened , juxtaposition of Dr Logue

"I prefer Doctor" "I prefer Lionel" - syntactic parallelism which emphasises the comfort of Logue in his placement towards the King - he is able to conflict with his interest of address

6.2 How is an impolite and challenging voice created in the King speech text?

Stage directions "(flushes)" - impact of face threatening act

"Only my family uses that" - personal references and possessive pronoun "my" indicates he is more that royalty and crafts a sense of vulnerability - exploitation of public and private sphere , what Lionel is threatening

"In here" repeated adverbial justifies the lack of deference - this place must be different - challenges moral of King

"We're" vs " we were" contraction is removed - challenging

Informality and profanity of Bertie "Id be at home with my wife and no one would give a damn" - impact of Lionel's pushing to break down boundaries - reference of private sphere , contextual link to transition from private to public due to Edward's abdication

6.2 How is a direct/ blunt voice created in the King Speech text?

"Don't do that" negated imperative - stern command

"Sucking smoke into your lungs will kill you" absence of hedging , very direct, clinical

Modal verb "will" - certainty , usurpation of power

"My physicians" - noun phrase , reminding Lionel of authority

"they're idiots" derogative vs "knighted" - juxtaposition giving power and reinforces the battle of the barrier Bertie aims to keep up

ends with "My castle, my rules" - metaphor connotations of absolute power - final assertion of power within the dynamic

6.2 What is the context of When i lived in Peru text?

Written in 2014 by the British Playwright , Emmy nominated and Television writer

6.2 What is the GAP of the When i lived in Peru text?

G- Radio drama - script

A- initial audience which is the performers and broader audience of BBC 4 listeners , those interested in the genres , Fans of Andrew Viner

P- entertain

6.2 What are the voices of the When i lived in Peru text?

Multiple characters

Informal/formal/friendly

challenging/ cautious

Transactional / humorous

6.2 How is an informal/formal/friendly voice created in the When i lived in Peru text?

"I guess the differences between us" - hedging vs "highlighted by our respective attitudes to our careers" which is typically formal which sets the tone for the piece due to the ambivalence of tones

Object pronoun "us" is ambiguous

"you wanted to see me Julian?" - interrogative = power dynamic is established

Julian replies with politeness principles "have a seat" - fits into the adjective used to describe him "avuncular" - impact on his voice ( stage directions contribute)

6.2 How is a challenging / cautious / corporate voice created in When i lived in Peru text?

"If its about those bugs we will have a new version out next week" - Conditional subordinator "If its" indicates further problems and we gain an insight into Martin's characterisation that may impact future events.

Jargon "bugs" "downturn" "At FSR"

Julian utilises hedging "as you're probably aware" to downplay the surprise , being meticulous

Euphemistic

" Oh I'm kind of settled here in London" - face threatening act

" You've been here for ten years now right?" - rhetorical question aiming to shift focus onto positives

6.2 How is a transactional and humorous voice created in the When I lived in Peru text?

" A lot of people view this as kind of situation as an opportunity to- re assess their lives , perhaps retrain to do something that they really love" - indefinite determiner "a lot" indicates a sense of Julian trying to reassure that this doesn't only happen to Martin, "this kind of" euphemism.

"But i loved my job" - fronted conjunction - informality , challenging the redundancy

"That's what i loved" - declarative creates humour - link to beginning of different perspectives of careers

"So that was my career down the toilet " ( pre monologue) , idiom to create humour - "whereas yours..." ellipsis creates drama and that the scene will transition

6.2 How is a celebratory / ironic voice created in the When i Lived in Peru text?

By Claire's character

stage directions - "champagne cork pop , two glasses poured" - shift in tone which is emphasised through Martin's declarative minor sentence "congratulations!" - it is genuine

Subject matter creates irony

"It's just an acting promotion while they re organise after the redundancies" - the adverb "it's just" downplays the success

"Ill get a raise" - Claire is valued by her job which is stark contrast to Martin's situation

"anyway what was your work news?" dramatic irony

"Oh" - filler emphasises the hesitation

"Cheers" - topic loop , downplays and brings it back to her initial success.

7.1 What is the context of the Tsunami Eyewitness account?

2004 - Boxing day Tsunami hit

Looking at impact of Banda Aceh (Indonesia)

250,000 dead

7.1 What is the GAP of the Tsunami Eyewitness account?

G- Reportage normally involves literary non fiction but this text is less so , focus on typical event, Transcribed from spoken

A- Fans of Rainer and national geographic , interest in current affairs, environment

P- inform but slight agenda (Pro - America)

7.1 What are the voices of the Tsunami Eyewitness account?

Familiar

Declarative

Blunt

Patriotic

Urgent

Factual

7.1 How is a Familiar and declarative voice created in the Tsunami Eyewitness account?

In media res

Superlative " The best way to describe this" - initially creates a harrowing and anxious tone

"- because we group up with the images and we all know what it looked like" - parenthesis creates a conversational tone and emphasises the shared knowledge which is reinforced by the collective pronouns "we"

Shift from complex sentence to simple declarative "It's totally destroyed". The adverb "totally" intensifies the adjective

"probably something like a hundred thousand people" - within parenthesis there is hedging which creates a vague image but it is intentional to reinforce the vast numbers of people affected that it restricts ability to be specific of those who have been "swept out to sea" - emotive collocation

7.1 How is a blunt detached voice created in the Tsunami eyewitness account text?

Present tense "It's day 15" - temporal discourse marker (fulfilling conventions) which creates a sense of urgency

"and still there are vast areas" the impact of adverb "still" intensifies the harrowing image even after over 2 weeks of restoration

"exposed bodies can be seen lying around , decaying" - semantic field of decay and death - criticism of how the dead bodies are being disrespected

Call for help?

"Just cleaning up , picking up" parallel syntax mirrors a self correction

Repetion of noun "bodies"

7.1 How is a patriotic / urgent / blunt voice created in the Tsunami eyewitness account text?

"Everyone is very impressed" - indefinite pronoun "everyone" painting the USA in a positive light in despite of the harrows within Indonesia - could be global? the vagueness increases credibility

"some" determiner - how much is being done

"another" - urgency

Plosive "don't die from disease" - powerful , increases pace and rhythm

Biblical/ cultural allusions "Hieronymus Bosch" - painting of death and incongruity of bodies lying around

"everywhere i go i have to be careful i don't step on a corpse" - Adverb "everywhere" indicates the scale , blunt detached feel - "corpse" links to semantic field of death and decay.

7.1 How is a factual / authoritative voice created in the Tsunami Eye witness account text?

"The magnitude of this this" - vague language - subject specific

Quantifiers " 10 square miles" "30,000 bodies"

Passive voice " It is feared that something like 30,000 bodies are still in there" - collective fear , resonates with audience as the fear is created as collective which creates victimisation of audience

"They are likely soon to convert that 77,000 missing into confirmed dead" _ declarative the adjective "likely " creates urgency and instils fear of potential suffering

8.1 What is the context of Boxer Handsome text?

Flemmich Webb- environmentalist , journalist, editor , worked across the Guardian , Independent and Evening standard

Written in 2014

Anna Whit wham is a lecturer and does a course on masculinity

8.1 What is the GAP of Boxer Handsome?

G- Review

A- Readers on the independent , fans of Webb , those interested in boxing, new literature , readers of the novel ( either consolidating or encouragement)

P- to inform , entertain and persuade

8.1 What voices are created in the Boxer Handsome text?

Positive

Opinionated

Evaluative

Summative

Descriptive

Educated

Emotive

Balanced

8.1 How is a positive / opinionated/ evaluative voice created in Boxer Handsome text?

Meeting conventions of present tense and declaratives "Boxer handsome is Anna Whitham's first novel"

Judgement "This familial connection gives this exciting debut an authenticity"

Positive adjectives "exciting" "confident"

Positive noun phrases "promising future ahead of her" suggesting potential

8.1 How is a summative/ Descriptive / emotive voice created in Boxer Handsome text?

Semantic field of boxing "fighting" "boxing club" "amateur boxers" "competition"

Shift from factual summary

"flurry of fists" - fricative , metaphor

Plosive alliteration "bare knuckled and bruised"

Deliberately vague language "subsequent events" - works as a narrative hook in order to persuade readers

8.1 How is an evaluative voice created in Boxer Handsome text?

"giving wayward kids a focus" broader context - focus on Anna's grandfather and his link to boxing

Fronted coordinate conjunction begins next paragraph "But she doesn't shy away from its brutal side" - proposes an opposing argument or shift in focus , colloquialism used there is a change in formality, engagement with the reader which meets another convention

Idiomatic phrase " she doesn't shy away" - complimentary

Emotive language "and the think line that separates the regulated fighting in the ring from unfettered violence outside it"

Adjective "unfettered" suggests outside of restraints which is a hint of violence which is reinforced by the metaphor "Casualties of this world lay strewn throughout the world Whit wham creates" - semantic field of violence

8.1 How is an educated voice created in Boxer Handsome text?

Examples of causalities

" sees history repeating itself as her son follows in his dads footsteps" metaphorical phrase , can be seen as a cliché however therefore due to familiarity it can resonate to a wider audience

"There's something of Shakespeare's emotionally stunted warrior , Coriolanus ,in Bobby" - literary allusion which reflects the contrast in Bobby - not able to connect emotionally but physically

8.1 How is an evaluative / descriptive voice created in the boxer handsome text?

"Whit wham's writing is as sharp as a one -two combination" - boxing lexis embedded within the simile - appraisal suggesting pace and power

Webb brings in quotation "Then (he) cracked the bridge of his nose wide open..."

"Skin split. Blood spat" - minor sentences - picks a quote that mirrors his point

Webb is familiar with the conventions of his own genre

8.2 What is the context of the Review of the Bridge text?

Martin Hoyle - tv, radio and film critic , written for Rotten Tomatoes alongside the Independent and FT