Science Test | Energy

Energy

Ability to do work

4 potential forms of energy:

Chemical, Gravitational, Nuclear, Elastic

Chemical

The energy stored in chemical bonds

ex. Food, batteries, gasoline

Gravitational 

The energy stored in an object based on its height

ex. Boulder on a cliff, kid at a top of a slide

Nuclear

Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

ex. power plants

Elastic

Energy in materials that are stretched or compressed

ex. elastic, spring, bow and arrow

The five types of kinetic energy:

Thermal, sound, radiant, mechanical, electrical

Thermal 

Movement of particles within a substance

ex. hot iron, a lizards heat rock

Sound

Energy released by an objects vibrations

ex. drum, clapping

Radiant

Energy that travels in electromagnetic waves

Mechanical

energy of an object’s motion

ex. Wind turbines, running

Electrical

Energy of moving electric charges

ex. lightning, electrical waves

Potential energy

Stored energy

Kinetic energy

moving energy, motion energy

Law of Conservation

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Energy transfer

energy can move or transfer from one object to another or from one substance to another. 

Energy transformation

Energy is changed from one form to another. No energy is created or destroyed.

kinetic energy depends on

mass and speed

coal energy is from the

sun

coal is energy from the sun stored as

chemical energy

toaster

electrical energy into thermal energy

microwave

electrical energy to radiant energy to thermal energy

is energy ever lost

no, energy is never lost but it turned into different types of energy. some energy is lost to heat. the more potential energy there is, the less kinetic energy there is vice versa

roller coaster

transforms GPE to MKE back and forth throughout the ride.

gaining, max, transforming

if energy is lost, why can’t the roller coaster go as high on the second hill

there is friction between the cart and the track. so energy is transformed into heat. so less mechanical energy is available to make it up the next hill 

how does speed and mass affect kinetic energy

it increases the amount of kinetic energy

what affects energy more, mass or speed

2x the mass of an moving object doubles its kinetic energy

2x the speed of an moving object 4x its kinetic energy

speed

what unit is energy measured in

joules

formula for KE

KE=0.5 x M x V squared

formula of PE

PE = M x G x H