Music Exam 1

Music

Arrangement of sounds in time

Broca’s

Space in brain that processes production of speech

Wernicke

space in brain that understands speech

Elements of music

Pitch, timbre, duration, expression, articulation

Pitch

highness or lowness of a sound

Clef

symbol for placement of certain pitches

Notation

series of 5 lines that represent different pitch names

Interval

difference between 2 pitches

octave

2 pitches that share a 2:1 ratio

Key

collection of pitches used to centralize a specific pitch

diatonic key

notes included in a given key

chromatic key

notes included outside a given key

Scale

Collection of pitches in ascending or descending order

Modulation

change in key or home note

Melody

pitches and rhythms that form a tune or theme

Melodic line

Shape of notes when sung

Conjuct

Stepwise, smooth

Disconjuct

leaps

Phrase

complete thought that trajects a goal and arrives at closure

Motive

Short fragment of a melody

theme

topic or main idea

harmony

2 or more notes heard at the same time

chords

3 or more pitches played, often used to form harmonies

consant

intervals sound stable, pleasant

dissonant

intervals sound tense, half steps

beat

reoccurring division of time

meter

organization of beats into regular groups

measure

complete group containing a fixed number of beats

Rhythm

particular arrangement of note lengths

syncopation

occurs when notes are played off beat

tempo

speed of beat, pace of music

dynamics

degrees of loud and soft

articulation

describes emphasis given to a note

monophonic

one melody only

heterophonic

many versions of the same melody not in unison

homophonic

one melody and one accompaniment

polyphonic

2 or more independent melodies together