Unit 2 Exam - HUSH

Middle Passage

the voyage from Africa to the New World (Americas)

Indentured Servants

“voluntarily” became the labor force. Worked under a contract with a landowner, working for 4-7 years, in exchange for passage to the Americas, room, and board

Slave Codes

Kept Africans and their children permanently bonded to slavery, thus creating a race-based definition of slavery

“King Cotton”

Name given to Eli Whitney after he created the cotton gin

Nat Turner

Led one of the largest slave rebellions. He and his followers killed 75 whites (slave owners and their families)

Manifest Destiny

The belief that it was American’s God given right to expand West

Underground Railroads

Secret passages/trails used to escape from slavery

Abolitionists

A person who wanted to end slavery and give equal rights to African Americans

Cotton Gin

Created by Eli Whitney. A machine to help separate the unwanted portion of the cotton from the wanted. Helped speed up the process of cotton manufactoring

Frederick Douglass

An abolitionist, former slave, and writer. He was a freed slave who had learned to read and write, used his abilities to help advocate for the freedom and citizenship of African Americans.

Civil War

Fought within America between the Union (North) and the Confederacy (South). The Confederate states wanted to separate from America as a whole, later the war also became about the moral issue of slavery.

Reconstruction

After the Civil War when African Americans began integrating into American society as a whole

Disenfranchisement

deprived of a legal right to vote

Freedmen’s Bureau

A type of government assistance that helped free African Americans transition into American society. Provided them with education, job training, clothing, and food.

13th Amendment

forbids slavery in any American territory

14th Amendment

citizenship to anyone born in America regardless of family history, or race/ethnicity

Black Codes

Legal methods of keeping freed slaves in positions of forced labor

Sharecropping

A system where the landlord allows a tenant to use the land in exchange for a share of the crop (modified slavery)

15th Amendment

All citizens are allowed to vote and no one can deny it due to race, color, or previous conditions of servitude

Ku Klux Klan

A group of white supremacists whose original goal was to scare Africans out of politics

Jim Crow Laws

laws that enforced racial segregation in the South