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central act of revelation
the giving of the Torah through Moses. God's revelation informs the Jewish covenantal relationship with God.
covenant
an agreement. God and Abram made one in which god offered the promised land is they follow the path of god.
chosen people
jewish people see themselves as this as they are in a covenant relationship with god
messiah
the promised ‘anointed one’ or christ; the saviour
messianic expectation
leader of the Jewish people that will renew the covenant and return the Jewish Nation to Israel.
mitzvot
A religious commandment (613 within the Torah) that tells Jewish people how to live as well as both an obligation and a boon for the Jewish adherent.
repentance
literally meaning 'return', is one element of atoning for sin in Judaism. The process of repentance includes 3 stages - confession, regret and a vow to not repeat the misdeed
divine justice
The idea that punishment in the eyes of God will be equal to the sin - in this life and the next.
sanctity of life
the extent to which human life is considered precious. Jews believe humans are made as part of God's creation and in God's image.
freewill
everyone has no choice but to believe that we are free to act in accord with our own wishes, to chart our own destinies.
orthodox
the collective term for the traditionalist branches of contemporary Judaism.
reformed
form of Judaism which has reformed or abandoned aspects of Orthodox Jewish worship and ritual in attempt to adapt to modern changes in social, political and cultural life.
YHWH
the name for god of the old testament
tikkun olam
meaning world repair. It is the idea of social action and the pursuit of social justice.
olam ha ba
the spiritual afterlife. Also meaning 'the world to come', the perfect version of the world that will exist at the end of days, after the Messiah has come and God has judged the living and the dead.
messianic era
the future eternal period of time on Earth in which the Messiah will reign and bring universal peace and brotherhood, without any evil.
judgement day
when God judges all of humanity according to how they have lived during the Messianic era.
gan eden
represents paradise or Heaven for those who have lived according to God's law
gehinnom
purgatory, the spiritual realm in which the souls are cleansed from the blemishes brought about by their conduct while in Earth.
torah
meaning law, most sacred text
Nev’im
The prophets. The second division of the Old Testament that describes Israel's history as a nation on its land.
ketuvim
Meaning writings. History, stories and poetry. The third part of the Jewish Scriptures.
TaNaK
The collection of books that make up the sacred Jewish texts. T stand for Torah, N stands for Nevi'im and K stands for Ketuvim.
talmud
oral teachings
