cilia, ribosomes, smooth and rough ER, golgi apparatus

Description of cilia

Line windpipe and remove dust and dirt from lungs, move things across surface of cells, projection from plasma membrane

Function of cilia

Involved in locomotion

Description of ribosomes

20-30nm, small organelles attached to the er and also found in cytoplasm, large protein and small RNA subunits form the functional ribosome, subunits bind with mRNA in the cytoplasm, join amino acids together during protein synthesis

Description of smooth ER

No ribosomes attached and appear more tubular than the rough ER

Function of smooth ER

Synthesise lipids, metabolises carbohydrates, makes triglycerides (fats), phospholipids and cholesterol

Description of rough ER

Have ribosomes attached to their membrane, found in cells making proteins for export (enzymes, homrones, structural proteins, antibodies)

What are secretory cells?

Release hormones/enzymes and have more RER

Function of rough ER

Involved in protein synthesis, modifies proteins by the addition of carbohydrates, removal of signal sequences

Description of golgi

Compact structure formed of cisternae surrounded by membrane, cis face= vesicles go in, trans face= vesicles go out

Function of golgi apparatus

Receives protein filled vesicles from the rough ER (fuses with golgi membrane), uses enzymes to modify these proteins, involved in processing, packaging and secretion, other vesicles that leave golgi are lysosomes