NURS Clinical Science Exam Prep - Antihypertensive Meds

What is lisinopril?

ace inhibitor

What is enalapril?

ace inhibitor

What is captopril?

ace inhibitor

What are key adverse effects of ace inhibitors?

dry persisten cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia

What are nursing teaching point for ace inhibitors?

cough is a common side effect (should be reported), avoid salt substitutes, report swelling of lips/tongue immediately

What is the goal of ACE inhibitors?

decrease BP

What is losartan?

ARB

What is valsartan?

ARB

What are key adverse effects of ARBs?

angioedema, hyperkalemia, dizziness, hypotension

What are nurse teaching points for ARBs?

monitor potassium and renal function

What is used if ACE inhibitor cough is not tolerated?

ARBs

What is metoprolol?

beta blocker

What is atenolol?

beta blocker

What is propranolol?

beta blocker

What are key adverse effects of beta blockers?

bradycardia, bronchospasm, masks hypoglycemia sysmptoms, fatigue, sexual dysfunction

What medication must NOT be stopped abruptly?

beta blockers

What are nursing teaching points for beta blockers?

check HR, can cause heart failure

What is amlodipine?

calcium channel blocker

What is diltiazem?

calcium channel blocker

What is verapamil?

calcium channel blocker

What are key adverse effects of calcium channel blockers?

Hypotension, bradycardia/AV blocks, constipation, peripheral edema

What are nursing teaching points for calcium channel blockers?

increase fluids/fiber, monitor HR and BP, no grapefruit juice

What is hydrochlorothiazide?

thiazide diuretic

What is chlorthalidone?

thiazide diuretic

What are key adverse effects of thiazide diuretics?

hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemis

What are nurse teaching points for thiazide diuretics?

encourage potassium-rich foods, monitor electrolytes

What is furosemide?

loop diuretic

What is bumetanide?

loop diuretic

What are key adverse effects of loop diuretics?

severe hypokalemia, ototoxicity, hypovolemia/dehydration

What are nursing teaching points of loop diuretics?

give slowly IV to avoid hearing loss, monitor K+ closely

What is spironolactone?

potassium-sparing diuretic

What is eplerenone?

potassium-sparing diuretic

What are key adverse effects of potassium-sparing diuretics?

hyperkalemia, endocrine effects (gynecomastia)

What is doxazosin?

alpha blocker

What is prazosin?

alpha blocker

What are key adverse effects of alpha blockers?

first-dose hypotension (syncope), orthostatic hypotention, dizziness, headache

What are nursing teaching points for alpha blockers?

take first dose at bedtime, rise slowly to prevent falls

What may cause increased loss of electrolytes in urine?

diuretics

What is D in diuretics?

daily weight

What is I in diuretics?

intake and output

What is U in diuretics?

urine ouput

What is R in diuretics?

response of BP

What is E in diuretics?

electrolytes

What is T in diuretics?

take pulses

What is I in diuretics?

ischemic episodes (TIA)

What is C in diuretics?

complications