MSE 250 Exam 1

Why study the principles of materials science? They help us to __ new __for use in __ applications

develop; materials; engineering

Materials have an impact on __ and __

civilization; our daily lives

The major materials families are __, __and __.

metals; polymers; ceramics

A material’s__ and __ affect the __of objects made of that material.

structure; processing; properties

Knowledge of a material’s __ enable us to select the right __for an engineering __based on its __requirements

properties; material; component; design

Materials benefit and advance civilization by providing the basis for __ and __applications in a given society and culture.

technology; technological

When technological material and tools dominated human civilization from 9000 BC to 3000 BC? __ as a material, and tools made of__.

stone; stone

What technological material and tools dominated human civilization from 3000 BC to 1200 BC?__ as a material, and tools made of __.

bronze; bronze

What technological material and tools dominated human civilization from 1200 BC to 1860 AD?__ as a material, and tools made of __.

iron; iron

What technological material and tools dominated human civilization from 1971 to the present day? __ as a material, and __made of __

silicon; microchips; silicon

What technological materials are likely to mate significantly impact human civilization in the 21st and 22nd centuries?__ and __.

nanomaterials; nano-biomaterials

What are the requirements for materials used for hip implants? __,__,__ and __.

strength; cyclic endurance; lubricity; biocompatibility

A hip implant needs a material __ to hold the acetabular cup in place.

fixing agent

A hip implant needs a __ material to __the acetabular cup in action.

lubricating; lubricate

A hip implant needs a material __ to __ the femoral stem to the femoral bone.

fixing agent; glue

The process for selections of a material (for a given application) include the material __ required in the application, the material __and__that will fulfill the __ requirements, and the kind of __that fit the different materials for that application.

properties; type; structure; property; shape; processing

Static lab-properties of a material include __,__,__ and __ properties.

mechanical; thermal; electrical; optical

Application-related properties of a material include __,__,__ related properties

cyclic loading; temperature; corrosion

The three major families of materials include __,__ and __.

metals, ceramics, polymers

The structural features of a material include its __, __and __.

bonding; composition; atomic order

Ceramic materials are shaped by __ ceramic __at__temperatures of __ degrees C.

sintering; particles; high; >600C

Polymers are shaped by __ and __at__ temperatures of __ degrees C.

melting; molding; moderate; ~200C

Metals are often shaped by __ at __temperature, about __ degrees C.

deformation; room; 25

The primary bonding in metals is __ bonding.

3D metallic

The bonding in thermoplastic polymers is ___ bonding.

1D covalent + van der Waals

The primary bonding in some ceramics is __ bonding.

3D covalent

The primary bonding in other ceramics is __ bonding.

3D ionic

The mechanical properties of metal include __,__and__.

stiffness; strength; ductility

The thermal properties of metals include __ conductivity.

good thermal

The electrical properties of metals include __ electrical __.

good; conductivity

The melting point of metals are __, but they deform at __degrees C.

moderately high; 25

Metals have primarily __ bonding.

metallic

Thermoplastic polymers have __ bonding

1D covalent + van der Waals

The mechanical properties of polymers include __, __, __and __.

flexibility; ductility; low strength; low density

The thermal properties of polymers include __ thermal __.

good; insulation

The electrical properties of polymers include __ electrical __.

good; insulation

The melting points of polymers are typically ___.

low

Ceramics have primarily __ bonding.

ionic or covalent

The mechanical properties of ceramics include __, __and __.

stiffness; strength in compression; brittleness in tension

The thermal properties of ceramics include __ thermal __.

good; insulation

The electrical properties of bringing include __ electrical __.

good; insulation

The melting points of ceramics are typically ___.

high

The metals used in a light bulb include the __ base and __filament.

steel; tungsten

The polymers used in a light bulb include the polymer __.

base seal

The ceramics used in a light bulb include the __ as the porcelain __at the base of the filament posts.

glass bulb; insulator

Wire drawing is used with __.

metals

Sintering is used with __.

ceramics

Vulcanization is used with __.

polymers

Tube drawing is used with __.

metals

Calendaring is used with __.

polymers

Metals melt at __ high temperatures __degrees C.

medium; 600-1600C

Ceramics melt at _ temperatures.

high

Polymers melt at __ temperatures.

low

Wire drawing is a __ process that pulls a metal__through a reducing __ with a __force.

deformation; rod; diel tensile

Sintering __ a ceramic __at __temperatures to eliminate __and consolidate the __using surface and internal __processes.

compresses; powder; high; pores; powder; diffusion

Vulcanization uses __ and __in a __ to convert a sticky raw rubber material into a __rubbery and __tires.

sulfur; heat; mold; strong; tough

Vulcanization is typically done at __ degrees C

180

Tube drawing is a __ process that pulls a metal__ through a reducing __ with a __force.

deformation; rod; die; tensile

Wire drawing also __ the metal

strengthens

What are the two kinds of particles in an atomic nucleus?

protons; neutrons

What kind of particles are in the outer shells of an atom?

electrons

A proton is __ charged

positively

A neutron is __ charged

not

An electron is __ charged

negatively

A proton is approximately __ times the mass of an electron

1800

The atomic number is the number of __ in an atom’s nucleus.

protons

The atomic mass is the mass of __ of a given element

an atom

An element’s atomic structure includes __,__,__,__, and __.

protons; neutrons; electrons; atomic number; atomic weight

The period table presents the various __ arranged in __and __.

elements; rows; columns

The period table enables us to characterize trends in the following characteristics of the elements __, __,__,__, and __.

atomic number; weight; size; electronegativity; valence

A material’s bonding type can be related to its __, __, and __properties.

mechanical; thermal; electrical

The primary type of bonding in metals is ___ bonding.

metalic

The type of bonding in ceramics is __ bonding.

covalent or ionic

The primary types of bonding in thermoplastic polymers are __ bonding.

1D covalent, and van der Waals

The atomic weight of an element is typically presented in units of __.

grans/mole

The mass of an electrons is __ kg

9.11E-31

An atomic mass unit is defined as __ the mass of a 12C atom

1/12

The atomic weight of an element the weight of __ atom/atoms of the element

6.022 E23

A primary goal of science is to __ nature and __ its phenomena

understand; model

The primary goal of engineering is to apply __ and __to design and create new __,__,__, and __ to benefit society

science; math; components; devices; systems; processes

Chemists use the Periodic Table to understand __,__,__and __.

bonding; chemical reactions; thermochemistry; solutions

Engineers use the periodic table to understand how bond-strength impacts __ and __of materials.

processing; properties

Engineers use the Periodic Table to understand how Electronic-structure impacts __ of materials

electronic properties

Engineers use the Periodic Table to understand how Solubility impacts __ of materials

phase diagrams and microstructure

Engineers use the Periodic Table to understand how Diffusivity is impacts __ of metals.

heat treatment

The electronic configuration of an atom is designated by the __ quantum number, the __quantum number, and a listing of the number of __in each shell.

principle; subsidiary; electrons

The principle quantum number indicated the __ for each shell

energy level

The subsidiary quantum number indicates the __ of the electrons.

orbitals

The principal quantum number is commonly designated by the letters __ or the numbers __.

(KLMNO…); (123…n)

The orbital quantum number is commonly designated by the letters__ or the numbers __, where n is the corresponding principal quantum number.

(spdf); (0123…n-1)

The principal quantum number is designated by the letters __.

n

The orbital quantum number is designated by the lower case letter _.

l (lower case L)

The outermost electrons in an atom are called __ electrons.

valence

The source of magnetism in Fe is __ __ that give the atom a net __moment.

unpaired; electrons; magnetic

In a Bohr model of the atom, the first shell can contain up to __ electrons

2

In the Bohr model of the atom, the second shell can contain up to __ electrons

8

In the Bohr model of the atom, the third shell can contain up to __ electrons.

18

Electrons fill the energy levels of an atom from the lowest-energy orbital shell upwards. On this basis, the first orbital shell to be filled is __.

1s

Electrons fill the energy levels of an atom from the lowest-energy orbital shell upwards. On this basis, the second orbital shell to be filled is __.

2s

Electrons fill the energy levels of an atom from the lowest-energy orbital shell upwards. On this basis, which shell 2p or 3s would be filled before the other?

2p