chimie

Isotope

Atoms of the same elements that have different masses because of different levels of neutrons

Avagadros number

6.022e23 = 1 mole

Moles/molar mass

SI unit for quantity of matter, 1 mole = # of particles in 12.00 grams of Carbon-12

Law of conservation of mass

Matter can neither be created n

Milli

10^-3 grams

centi

10^-2 grams

kilo

10³ gram

Carbon-14 isotopes use in aging organic material

• Carbon-14 naturally occurring isotope, so living things absorb it like regular carbon

• When things die and stop taking in new carbon/carbon-14, the radioactive carbon-14 decays, nothing to replace it

• Use mass spectrometer to measure ¹²C:¹⁴C ratio, if ¹⁴C decay rate constant, can estimate how long since ___ was alive

• Decays into ¹⁴N

radioactive isotopes used in nuclear medicine

• Can be injected into body for imaging biological structures, cameras used to detect the radiation (particles, energy) emitted when isotope’s nucleus falls apart

• Can be used to treat cancer by using radiation (particles, energy) to destroy cancer cells

  • Create molecules w/ readioactive atoms to selectively bond to cancer cells, emit radiation

  • Radioactive iodine ingested in a drink or in capsules, absorbed through digestive track walls into bloodstream, thyroid absorbs most of it, radiation destroys normal and cancerous thyroid cells.

Weighted average formula

(% abundance/100) (isotope avg mass) + …

Mole conversions

prefix - mass - moles - atoms/molecules/formula units

what do you put at the end?

UNITS!!!!! (amu, grams, atoms/molecules, etc)

What do you have in the bag?

THIS