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concerto grosso
the contrast between a small & large group of instruments
tutti
larger group
ritonello form
returning theme in a concerto grosso
program music
instrumental works associated by the composer with nonmusical ideas
Antonio Vivaldi
composed The Four Seasons
fugue
organ composition with lines of music often imitating one another
voices
the various lines in a fugue
subject
the main theme in a fugue
countersubject
the contrasting theme in a fugue
exposition
the opening section that presents the subject in each voice in a fugue
development
remainder of the fugue
episodes
sections of the fugue following the exposition
toccata
free sounding virtuoso work, usually for keyboard
recitativo
concluding section of Toccata and Fugue in D Minor
sequence
pattern of notes repeated several times in succession, with each time at a different pitch level
suspension
holding a consonant note from one chord over into the next, where it was dissonant, and then resolving that note to a consonant note in the new chord
Johann Sebastian Bach
one of the most important musicians of the Baroque period
chorale variations
a chorale melody is repeated several times in succession but with changes each time
chorale prelude
contrapuntal piece for organ built on a chorale melody
prelude
a short piece of instrumental music, for keyboard instruments
passacaglia
keyboard music especially suited to the organ; repeated melody in lower notes