Amino Acids

What are the Alkyl amino acids ?

Glycine
Alanine

What amino acid has the methyl group ?

Alanine

What are the branched Alkyl Amino acids ?

Valine
Leucine
isoleucine

What are the sulfur containing Amino acids ?

Cysteine
Methionine

What amino acid has the thiol group (SH)

Cysteine

What amino acids are the Carboxyl groups?

Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid

What Amino acids are the aromatic amino acids ?

Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Tryptophan

What amino has the benzene ?

Phenylalanine

What amino acid has the Phenol?

Tyrosine

What amino acid has the indole ?

Tryptophan

What are the Hydroxyl Amino acids ?

Serine
Threonine
Tyrosine

What amino acid is a primary alcohol ?

Serine

What amino acid is a secondary alcohol ?

Threonine

What amino acid is a aromatic alcohol ?

Tyrosine (Phenol)

What amino acids have a amide side chain ?

Asparagine
Glutamine

What are the amine amino acids ?

Lysine
Arginine
Histidine

What is the primary amine amino acid ?

Lysine

What amino acid is Guanidium group ?

Arginine

What amino acid has the imidazole ring?

Histidine

What amino acid has the key functional group Carboxylate ?

Aspartate

What amino acid has the key functional group Cyclic secondary amine

Proline

Which amino acid contains a sulfur atom ?

Methionine

What Amino acids can mimic a permanently phosphorylated functional group when substituted for Serine, Threonine or Tyrosine ?

Aspartic Acid
Glutamic Acid

What amino acids when added to a protein will often destabalize (breakdown) local alpha helices secondary structures ?

Proline
Glycine

At low pH ionizable groups tend to be ?

Protonated

At high pH ionizable groups tend to be?

Deprotonated

Which amino acids are able to participate in hydrogen bonding ?

Serine
Threonine
(Both have OH groups in their side chains )

These amino acids have amide side chains, the amide nitrogens do not gain or lose protons with changes in pH, They do not become charged

Asparagine
Glutamine

Which amino acid is neutralized at low pH, Allowing it to insert into a cell membrane ?

Glu,E

The only standard amino acid with an amine in its side chain is ?

Lysine

if the pH is greater than the isoelectric point (pI), the protein or amino acid will have a

Negative charge
pH < pI

if the pH is less than the isoelectric point (pI), the protein or amino acid will have a

Positive charge
pH > pI

what are the glucogenic amino acids?

• Alanine

• Arginine

• Asparagine

• Aspartic Acid

• Cysteine

• Glutamic Acid

• Glutamine

• Glycine

• Histidine

• Methionine

• Proline

• Serine

• Valine

what are the Glucogenic & Ketogenic Amino Acids:
These amino acids are versatile and produce both glucose precursors and ketone bodies.

• Isoleucine

• Phenylalanine

• Threonine

• Tryptophan

• Tyrosine

What amino acids are exclusively ketogenic and cannot be converted into glucose

• Leucine

• Lyseine

What are the Five standard amino acids that a have electrically charged side chains at physiological ph 7.4

• Negatively Charged (Acidic): Aspartic acid (Asp / D) and Glutamic acid (Glu / E).

• Positively Charged (Basic): Lysine (Lys / K) and Arginine (Arg / R).

• Variable: Histidine (His / H) is basic but its charge fluctuates near physiological pH

What are the side chain amino acids with pka values ?

D
E
H
C
Y
K
R

What are the side chain amino acids pka values ?

D- 4
E- 4
H-6
C-8
Y- 10
K-11
R-12

Ketogenic amino acids are used for what ?

Fatty acid synthesis