Lifespan module 3

Which student is most likely to be admired during middle school?

Louisa, who uses marijuana and frequently finds herself in physical fights

During puberty adolescents' thoughts center on:

themselves

Once the primary sexual organs begin to function, adolescents are biologically capable of:

reproduction

Changes in primary sex characteristics include:

growth of the uterus or the testes

Formal, logical, hypothetical-deductive thinking described by Piaget is referred to as _____.

analytic thought

Nadiene says, "There is no way I am going to school today with this pimple on my cheek. Everybody is going to laugh at me." Nadiene is demonstrating:

the imaginary audience

In a study of adolescent agreement and disagreement with policies to remedy racial discrimination, most adolescents believed that racism was the cause of disparities between African and European Americans, but adolescents' ages influenced their ideas about solutions to the inequality. Those who were MOST likely to support systemic solutions (e.g., affirmative action and desegregation) were between the ages of:

16 and 17

The belief that one cannot be harmed by things that would hurt someone else is referred to as

the invincibility fable

Sixteen-year-old Zack drinks heavily and drives dangerously fast, believing that he cannot be hurt. Zack is demonstrating:

the invincibility fable

Alicia told a friend that she doesn't like the way her legs look in her new volleyball uniform. She said she hates her body and expressed a desire to lose a lot of weight. Alicia's concerns likely reflect:

poor body image

Gloria broke up with her boyfriend after a fight. She has spent the last week repeatedly going over the fight in her mind, which has caused her to sink into depression. Her continual reliving of the fight is known as:

rumination

One reason that the teenage pregnancy rate in most European nations is less than half of that in the United States may be because:

European schools have an extensive sed-education curriculum

Approximately _____ percent of adolescents experience major depression.

15

Which statement is an example of a gender role?

A man should be the primary wage earner.

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas have discovered that their son has been skipping classes and cutting school with a group of boys. Which conclusion is MOST likely true?

their son chose this group because he shares their interests

Approximately 1 in ________ adolescent boys is affected by clinical depression

10

_________ adolescents totally reject the religions in which they've grown up

few

Vince has been shoplifting for the past year. Unless he experiences an intervention, his shoplifting behavior is MOST likely to lead to:

burglary

When applied to the discussion of drug abuse, the term "generational forgetting" means that _____.

the new generation ignores what adults have learned about the hazards of drugs

Psychosocial development during adolescence involves the search for a(n):

understanding of oneself

Within the context of a male-male friendship, men are most likely to:

expect practical advice

The worst part of stereotype threat is that it:

is self imposed

Which statement is TRUE?

The increased diversity of the college atmosphere encourages cognitive development.

All these beliefs reflect cognitive flexibility except that:

life plans are static

The worry that one's appearance or behavior will be misused to confirm another person's oversimplified, prejudiced attitude is referred to as:

stereotype threat

The average age of marriage in the United States is _____ for women and _____ for men.

28; 30

Dr. Jones is studying the frequency of cross-sex friendships and has found that cross-sex friendships are:

common

Cognitively, what is needed to counter stereotypes?

flexibility

Compared to individuals without a college education, those with a college education tend to be:

healthier and wealthier

A person between the ages of 18 and 25 is considered to be in the developmental stage of _____.

emerging adulthood

Dr. Smith is studying intellectual development in adulthood. In order to generate the MOST accurate view of intellectual development, Dr. Smith should use a _____ research design.

cross-sequential

At which age is an individual likely to experience the slowest sexual arousal?

60

Results from K. Warner Schaie's study reveal that intelligence test scores for more recent generations have:

increased

Bree and Eric are both in their 40s. They have spent their early adult years focusing on their education and careers. Now that they are financially secure and successful, they want to have a baby. Bree and Eric should know that couples in their 40s have a _____ percent infertility rate.

50

Paul and Margret Baltes have found that adults use their intellectual strengths to offset their age-related declining abilities through the process of:

selective optimization with compensation

Ken is a highly skilled electrician, and Stacey is his new apprentice. When unexpected problems occur as they work on complex wiring projects, the MOST critical difference between their approaches in successfully completing the job is:

Kens automatic processing

What are the odds that a person will inherit the dominant gene for Alzheimer's disease?

1 in 1,000

Research has found that between the ages of 20 and 60:

metabolism slows down by about a third

Based on the results of cross-sectional intelligence testing, _____ for the first half of the twentieth century.

younger generations were considered to be smarter than older ones

The first visible signs of senescence are usually observed in a person's _____.

skin

One of the most prominent aspects of adolescent thought is the ability to:

think in terms of possibilities

Rhonda is in tenth grade. Rhonda is enrolled in _____ education.

secondary

A young boy experienced ongoing sexual abuse until he was 15. Now that he is a grown man, it is likely that he

is depressed and has difficulty with sex or psychosocial issues

During puberty, young people center on themselves, in part because brain maturation heightens:

self consciousness

The period when children's bodies become adult in terms of size, shape, and sexuality is called:

puberty

Unhappiness with one's physical appearance is a _____ phenomenon.

worldwide

Which term refers to the ability to begin with specifics, such as accumulated facts, and then make general conclusions?

inductive reasoning

For both girls and boys, puberty typically begins as young as _____ years of age or as late as _____ years of age.

8; 14

The biological events that begin puberty involve a hormonal signal from the:

hypothalamus

The term for a pause in identity formation, when alternatives are explored before final choices are made, is:

moratorium

According to the Monitoring the Future study in 2016, _____ percent of high school seniors reported having had five drinks in a row in the past two weeks.

16

Jane is an adolescent. According to Erikson, her new identity will be established by:

embracing some parental and societal values while abandoning others

Many adolescent romances:

do not include sexual intercourse

Isaac and Derek persuaded John to cut school and steal alcohol from a store. Isaac and Derek provided _____ to John.

deviancy training

Jeanette was born in the United States to Latino immigrant parents. Which condition is she NOT likely to experience if she fears the deportation of her parents?

increased self esteem

Effective sex education must engage _____ more than _____.

emotions; logic

Generally, emerging adulthood is characterized by _____ health.

good to excellent

Friends _____ mental health and _____ physical health.

strengthen; strengthen

Dr. Thomas asks her class which age group most favors same-sex marriage. A student raises his hand and correctly identifies _____ adults as the group MOST in favor of it.

emerging

Hugh is a fun-loving, intelligent, responsible teenager who likes to dye his hair different colors. However, he is concerned that other people might construe his hair color as a reflection of poor academic achievement. His concern is an example of:

stereotype threat

Juan's family maintains a strong Hispanic identity. To increase his chances of doing well in college, he should

resist both assimilation and alienation

Erik Erikson's sixth stage of development involves a continuum between:

intimacy and isolation

In a study of Hispanic college students, those MOST likely to maintain their ethnic identity, deflect stereotype threat, and be good students were those who:

resisted alienation and assimilation

Which statement made by a teacher is MOST likely to activate stereotype threat?

"this exam will show which gender has better grammatical skills."

Of the college students below, who is MOST likely to "hook up"?

Sam, who just started college and is interested in sexual activity but not a committed relationship

Infertility is often defined as being unable to conceive after _____ months of trying to get pregnant.

12

K. Warner Schaie's cross-sequential research on intellectual development demonstrates that:

individuals improve in most mental abilities during adulthood

Hearing is most acute at about age:

10

Which example relies MOST heavily on crystallized intelligence?

knowing the chemical symbols for various elements

When developmentalists use the term expert, they usually mean a person who:

specializes in activities that are personally meaningful

In K. Warner Schaie's study, each successive cohort scored higher in adulthood than did the previous generations in:

verbal memory

James is a participant in a research study. He needs to decide how Figure A relates to Figure B. James will need to use _____intelligence in order to solve this problem.

fluid

A group of friends, all about 60 years of age, are playing cards. Which characteristic of senescence do they MOST likely have in common?

their faces have wrinkles

According to the text, who might be the BEST employee at a workplace?

a 50-year-old who has worked for the company for 15 years and is motivated to do his best

During the past 50 years, advances in medicine have solved about half of all:

fertility

Stress, especially when prolonged,:

may contribute to an early onset of puberty

The first outward sign of puberty in a typical girl is:

the onset of nipple growth

When Piaget and his colleagues asked children of different ages to balance a scale using several different weights, they found that:

by age 13 or 14, logic is used to understand a reciprocal relationship

The day-night cycle that occurs approximately every 24 hours is the:

circadian rhythm

When adolescents fantasize about how others will react to their new hairstyle, they are creating a(n):

imaginary audience

Abigail is obsessed with her weight. She sometimes eats a whole package of Oreos at one sitting and then makes herself vomit. She also takes laxatives for weight control. Abigail MOST likely suffers from:

bulimia nervosa

For girls, the usual sequence of physical changes in puberty is:

the beginning of breast development, the growth spurt, and menarche

Per mile driven, teenager drivers are _____ times more likely to die in a motor-vehicle crash than drivers over age 20.

3

A thought that arises through a "feeling" that the thought is right is referred to as a(n) "_____ thought."

intuitive

Seventeen-year-old James failed several classes, lost his job, and spends most of his time sleeping on the couch. When his parents voice their disapproval, he replies, "Whatever." James's response indicates:

role confusion

In typical relationships, one would expect the MOST bickering between:

mothers and daughters

Abby frequently engages in sexting with teen males in her classroom. This practice makes her _____ more likely to engage in oral sex.

7 times

Sam is secretly a homosexual and dates a woman named Cassandra to hide his sexual orientation. This puts him at an increased risk for all of the following EXCEPT:

developing bisexuality

Research indicates that the sexually active teens MOST likely to have STIs attend schools that:

warn students to stay away from sex

At age 17, Zack aspired to become a serious musician. His group of friends began to change as he grew closer to students with deep musical interests, and he drifted away from other friends who were more engaged in sports. This illustrates peer:

selection

A father says to his son, "I want you home by 10:00 P.M." This BEST represents which aspect of family closeness?

control

Kayla called her friend Sue on Saturday to see whether Sue wanted to go to the movies. Sue told Kayla she was staying home to study for their upcoming history test. After the call, Kayla decided to study instead of go to the movies. Kayla was experiencing:

peer pressure

Stubbornness is to _____ as shoplifting is to _____.

social support; moral education

Amelia is a 21-year-old college student. Statistically, she is MOST likely to:

binge drinking

Delilah is currently a 22-year-old college student. Like most of her peers, she believes that premarital sex is:

acceptable

Now that he is in his 20s, Frank wants to find someone to share his life with. Erik Erikson would say that Frank is in the stage of:

intimacy versus isolation

After Mary finished college, began working in her chosen field, and started a family, her thinking became:

more practical

Friendships reach their peak of functional significance during:

emerging adulthood

Which individual is MOST likely to be an STI vector?

James, age 23

If Wayne is like a typical U.S. college student in 2018, he would indicate that he is in college primarily for all the following reasons EXCEPT to:

gain a general education