1/26
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
What are the three levels of Kohlberg’s moral development?
Preconventional (obedience/punishment, individualism/exchange)
Define Stage 4: Maintaining Social Order in Kohlberg’s theory.
Obeying laws and rules to maintain societal order; moral reasoning focuses on duty and respecting authority even if personally costly.
List Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development.
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational.
What is object permanence and when does it develop?
Understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight; develops in Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years).
What is egocentrism in the preoperational stage?
Difficulty seeing things from others’ perspectives; common in children aged 2-7.
What cognitive abilities emerge in the Formal Operational stage?
Abstract thinking, hypothetical reasoning, deductive logic.
What are the three stages of GAS?
Alarm (fight/flight activation), Resistance (adaptation), Exhaustion (resource depletion).
What happens physiologically during the Alarm stage?
Release of adrenaline and cortisol; increased heart rate, respiration, blood flow to muscles.
Name three positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech/behavior.
Name three negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
Flat affect, alogia (reduced speech), avolition (lack of motivation).
What brain abnormalities are commonly found in schizophrenia?
Enlarged ventricles, reduced gray matter, decreased overall brain volume.
What are the three main processes of memory?
Encoding (processing info), Storage (maintaining info), Retrieval (accessing info).
What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?
Explicit is conscious (episodic, semantic); implicit is unconscious (procedural, priming).
Give an example of episodic memory.
Remembering your first day at school.
What is procedural memory?
Memory of skills/tasks performed automatically, like riding a bicycle.
List three common barriers to treatment adherence.
Cultural beliefs conflicting with treatment, low health literacy, financial constraints.
How can health literacy affect treatment adherence?
Difficulty understanding medical instructions leads to poor compliance.
What are three methods used to confirm mental health diagnosis?
Clinical interviews, psychological tests (standardized questionnaires), brain scans (MRI).
Name three ways CBT helps people with PTSD.
Restructures negative trauma-related thoughts, gradual exposure to avoided memories/situations, teaches coping strategies like relaxation.
What are two symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder?
Emotional instability, fear of abandonment.
Define a key trait of Paranoid Personality Disorder.
Distrust and suspicion of others’ motives.
What is a primary feature of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)?
Preoccupation with orderliness and control.
What are central symptoms of DMDD?
Frequent intense temper outbursts and chronic irritability lasting more than 1 year.
List Kubler-Ross’s five stages of grief.
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance.
Why is adherence to treatment important?
Prevents illness worsening, improves quality of life, avoids drug resistance, speeds recovery, and reduces healthcare costs.
Define psychological and environmental stressors with examples.
Psychological: internal conflicts (anxiety about exams); Environmental: physical surroundings (noise, crowding).
Differentiate emotional and problem-focused coping.
Emotional coping manages feelings