effective communication

The Cornell method

Best for lectures and spoken text

mind mapping

Best for multimodal and complex texts

Outlining

Best for written text

Main point

Wants you to remember

The center

Put the main topic or the big idea

The branches

Use this for the main points

The twigs

Use this for the supporting details or specific data

Multimodal text

Mix of visual, sound and text

Written text

When reading’s essay, news, reports, or academic papers the main points are usually structural

Identify support

Sentence provide a date, a statistics or an anecdote. It is supporting detail not the Main point

The cue column (left)

Write down key terms, post questions or prompts

The note-taking column (right)

Record the details, examples and facts

The summary section ( bottom)

Write a 2 to 3 sentence summary of the entire text. This is where your main point lives

Written text

Useless letters, words and grammar organized on a page or screen

Spoken text

Uses oral language, including volume, pitch, rhythm, and accent, to convey meaning through sound

Multimodal text

Strategically combines two or more modes of communication

Monitor tone and volume

Speakers of often slow down or emphasize his words when they are delivering a core message

The “post-it” rule

Try to summarize the entire talking one sentence if you can’t use might have focused too much on the details

Listen for signpost

Speakers use verbal cues to highlight the main points

Noise

Background details, filler words, or repeated examples, emotional reactions, and unnecessary

Signal

The essential message just “so what?” of the text

Content ( the what)

The facts, request, detail, and literary meaning

Intent ( the why)

The purpose, emotional subtext, or goal of the communicator

Tone of voice

Sarcasm urgency, hesitation

Body language

Eye contact, postures, proximity

Context

The setting and relationship

Interpretation of message

The process of constructing meaning from Communication

Verbal messages

Spoken or written

Non-verbal messages

Body language, facial expression, and symbol

Colloquial language

Uses formal

Understanding tone

Tone is the attitude

Structures

Refers to building your message

Narrative structure

Uses a chronological flow (beginning, middle, and end)

Linguistics

Words

Visual

Images

Aural

Sound

Gestural

Body language

Spatial

arrangement

Visible communication

The actual words we Speak and write

Below surface

Attitude, values, assumptions, cultural context, and unspoken beliefs, the shapes through

Underlying attitude

Usually leave a revealed true connativelanguage and tone

Assumptions

Unverified beliefs, treated as universal truths

Perspective

Shape by culture and experience

Cultural lens

Norm’s guide our behavior social dynamic in influence interactions

High-context

Implied meaning is key

Low-context

Direct and explicit communication

rhetorical triangle

Persuasive text that blend all five mode

Ethos

Credibility and trust

Pathos

Emotional appeal and connections

Logos

Logic and reasoning

linguistics clues

words revealed hidden meaning

Aural clues

How do you say something matters as much as what we say?

Selection

Choosing which stories are covered in which to ignore

Omission

Leaving out key facts or perspective from coverage

Framing

Presenting info in ways that influences interpretation

Low angle

Camera looks up at subject, making them a appear powerful, dominant, heroic, or intimidating

High angle

Camera looks down at subject

Literal

The surface-level, direct meaning of words

Symbolic

Deeper cultural or emotional associations

Underlying

Hidden attitudes, values, and assumptions

Distance

Physical space between people signals relationship closeness

Positions

Where you stand or sit reveals dynamics

Cultural awareness

Knowing that your own control lens is just are of many ways to see the world

Cultural sensitivity

The ability to adapt your behavior interpretations to respect cultural differences

Empathy

Seeking to understand the motivation or meaning of a message from sender’s cultural viewpoint

Literary communication

Exchange of meaning and message between the author and the readers using a form of Literature