Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry - Inorganic Chemistry

Flashcards based on Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry lecture notes focusing on inorganic chemistry, particularly acids, bases, and salt preparations.

What are the general rules for predicting the solubility of ionic compounds in water regarding sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts?

All sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are soluble in water.

Which chlorides are exceptions to the solubility rule?

Silver and lead chlorides are insoluble in water.

What is the classification of acids in terms of proton transfer?

Acids are proton donors (H+).

What happens when an acid reacts with a base?

The reaction produces a salt and water.

What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal?

The reaction produces a salt and hydrogen gas.

How do you determine the formula of the salt formed in a reaction?

Take the metal ion from the base and the ion part of the acid, balance the charges.

What are metal oxides, metal hydroxides, and ammonia classified as?

They can act as bases.

What is the definition of an alkali?

An alkali is a base that is soluble in water.

Describe the steps to prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt starting from an insoluble reactant.

Add excess insoluble base to acid, filter, and heat the solution to evaporate water.

What is the process for preparing a pure, dry sample of an insoluble salt from two soluble reactants?

Mix solutions of soluble reactants, filter to collect the insoluble salt, wash, and dry.

What is the outcome of the reaction HCl + NH3?

The reaction produces ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), demonstrating ammonia's role as a base.

How do you prepare hydrated copper (II) sulfate starting from copper (II) oxide?

Follow the steps to prepare a pure, soluble salt since copper oxide is insoluble.