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Alliteration
The repetition of initial consonant sounds in neighboring words or syllables, such as "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."
Allusion
A reference to a person, place, event, or literary work that the reader is expected to recognize.
Assonance
The repetition of vowel sounds within nearby words in a sentence or phrase, as in "fleet feet sweep by sleeping geese."
Anaphora
The deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences for emphasis, such as Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I have a dream" speech.
Allegory
A narrative or story in which characters, events, and settings symbolize abstract ideas or moral qualities, often with a secondary or deeper meaning.
Ambiguity
The quality of being open to more than one interpretation or meaning, often intentionally used by authors to create complexity or provoke thought.
Anachronism
Placing an event, person, item, or custom from a different period of time into a context where it does not belong, often for dramatic or comedic effect.
Antagonist
The character or force in a story that opposes or conflicts with the protagonist, often creating tension and driving the plot forward.
Antihero
A protagonist who lacks traditional heroic qualities, such as moral integrity or courage, and may possess negative traits or engage in morally ambiguous actions.
Aphorism
A concise statement of a truth or principle, often expressed in a witty or memorable way, such as "Actions speak louder than words."
Archetype
A universally recognized symbol, pattern, or character type that recurs in literature, mythology, folklore, and other forms of storytelling.
atmosphere
The overall mood or feeling created by the setting, tone, and events in a literary work.
Bildungsroman
A genre of novel that focuses on the moral, psychological, and intellectual growth of a protagonist from youth to adulthood, often depicting their coming-of-age journey.
Characterization
The process by which an author develops and portrays the personalities of characters in a narrative, through actions, dialogue, thoughts, and interactions with others.
Chorus
In ancient Greek drama, a group of characters who serve as a collective voice, commenting on the action or expressing communal feelings.
Colloquialism
Totally fire informal words, phrases, or expressions commonly used in sick ways in everyday speech or writing, often specific to a particular region or social group.
Conflict
The struggle or tension between opposing forces, ideas, or characters that drives the plot of a story, such as man vs. man, man vs. nature, or man vs. self.
Connotation
The emotional, cultural, or social associations and implications attached to a word, beyond its literal meaning.
Diction
The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing, which contribute to the overall tone, mood, and style of a literary work.
Didactic
Intended to teach or instruct, often with a moral or ethical message, sometimes to the point of being overly preachy or pedantic.
Dynamic Character
A character who undergoes significant internal change or development throughout the course of a narrative, often as a result of their experiences and interactions.
Elegy
A poem or song expressing sorrow or lamentation, often for the dead or as a meditation on loss and mortality.
Epic
A long narrative (traditionally a poem) that typically recounts the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures, often with grand themes and a focus on cultural or national identity.
Eulogy
A speech or piece of writing that praises or commemorates someone who has died, often delivered at a funeral or memorial service.
Figurative Language
Language that uses figures of speech, such as metaphors, similes, and personification, to convey meaning beyond the literal interpretation.
Foreshadowing
A narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader.
Free verse
Poetry that does not follow a strict meter or rhyme scheme, allowing for greater flexibility and experimentation with language and structure.
Genre
A category or type of literature characterized by certain conventions, styles, themes, and subject matter, such as poetry, fiction, drama, or nonfiction.
Hyperbole
Exaggerated language or claims used for emphasis or effect, not meant to be taken literally.
Irony
The contrast between what is expected or intended and what actually occurs, often used to create humor, suspense, or dramatic tension.
Dénoument
The resolution or final outcome of the main conflict in a story, often occurring after the climax and providing closure for the narrative.
Dramatic Irony
A situation in which the audience or reader knows something that the characters do not, creating tension or suspense as they anticipate the characters' reactions.
Epiphany
A sudden moment of realization or insight often leading to a deeper understanding or change in perspective.
Euphemism
A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered too harsh, blunt, or unpleasant, often used to soften the impact of sensitive topics.
Euphony
Pleasant, harmonious sound
Exposition
The introductory portion of a story or play that provides background information on the setting, characters, and initial conflict.
Fable
A brief fictional narrative that typically features anthropomorphic animals or inanimate objects and conveys a moral or lesson.
Foot
A basic unit of rhythm in poetry, typically consisting of one stressed syllable and one or more unstressed syllables.
Foil
A character who contrasts with another character, often highlighting certain traits or qualities by their differences.
Iambic Pentameter
A metrical pattern in poetry consisting of five iambs per line, with each iamb containing one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable.
Idiom
A common expression or phrase with a meaning that differs from the literal interpretation, often specific to a particular language or culture.
Imagery
Vivid language that appeals to the senses, creating mental images and evoking sensory experiences through descriptions of sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and textures.
Juxtaposition
The placement of two or more contrasting ideas, characters, settings, or images side by side for comparison or emphasis.
Litotes
A figure of speech in which understatement is used to emphasize a point by negating its opposite, often creating an ironic effect. e.g. "That's not a bad idea"
Metaphor
A figure of speech that features a comparison between two disparate things that are not literally the same. Unlike similes, they do not use the words "like" or "as."
Meter
The rhythmic pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry, forming the basis of poetic rhythm.
Motif
A recurring image, idea, or symbol that contributes to the development of a theme or enhances the overall meaning of a literary work.
Narrator
The individual who tells the story, providing perspective, insight, and interpretation of events to the reader.
Ode
A poem characterized by its formal structure, elevated language, and expression of praise or admiration for a person, event, or object.
Onomatopoeia
The use of words that imitate the sounds they represent, enhancing the auditory experience and adding vividness to language.
Oxymoron
A figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms or ideas for emphasis or effect, such as "jumbo shrimp" or "bittersweet."
Parable
A brief narrative that teaches a moral or lesson, often featuring symbolic characters and events.
Paradox
A statement that appears self-contradictory or absurd but may reveal deeper truths or insights upon closer examination.
Parallelism
The repetition of grammatical structures, phrases, or ideas in a balanced or symmetrical manner, enhancing rhythm and emphasizing key points.
Rhetoric
The art of persuasive or effective communication, often utilizing language, structure, and style to appeal to an audience's emotions, logic, or ethics.
Rhetorical question
A question posed for effect or emphasis, not requiring an answer, often used to provoke thought or create a persuasive impact.
Satire
A literary genre or technique that uses humor, irony, or ridicule to critique and expose human vices, follies, or societal shortcomings.
Setting
The time and place of a story.
Situational Irony
A discrepancy between what is expected to happen and what actually occurs in a situation, often resulting in unexpected or contrary outcomes.
Soliloquy
A dramatic monologue in which a character speaks their thoughts aloud, revealing inner conflicts, emotions, or motivations to the audience.
Stanza
A group of lines in a poem that form a unit, often distinguished by its rhyme scheme, meter, or thematic content.
Prose
Ordinary language without metrical structure, used in both fiction and nonfiction writing, including novels, essays, and speeches.
Style
The distinctive manner in which a writer uses language, including word choice, sentence structure, tone, and figurative language, to convey ideas and evoke emotions.
Symbol
An object, character, action, or element in a literary work that represents or stands for something else, often carrying deeper layers of meaning or significance.
Syntax
The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language, influencing the rhythm, emphasis, and flow of writing.
Theme
The central idea, message, or underlying meaning explored in a literary work, often reflecting universal truths or human experiences.
Tone
The attitude or emotional stance conveyed by the author toward the subject matter or audience, shaping the overall mood and atmosphere of a text.
verbal irony
A contrast between what is said and what is meant, in which words convey the opposite of their literal meaning, often used for sarcasm or humor.
Vignette
A brief, impressionistic scene or sketch that focuses on a moment or aspect of a larger narrative, capturing a mood, character, or setting with brevity and intensity.
Pun
A play on words that exploits multiple meanings of a word or phrases, often for humorous or rhetorical effect.
Simile
A figure of speech that compares two unlike things using "like" or "as," highlighting a particular characteristic or quality.
In Miedia Res
A narrative technique where a story begins in the middle of the action, often without extensive exposition, to immediately engage the reader.
Proverb
A short, traditional saying that offers advice or wisdom based on common sense or cultural beliefs.
Jargon
Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.
Vernacular
the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region.
double entendre
A word or phrase open to two interpretations, one of which is usually risqué or indecent.
Portmanteau
A new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings.
biopic (biography + picture) - a biographical film
Pathos
Appeal to emotion
Logos
Appeal to logic
Ethos
Ethical appeal
OR
The characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations.
Antithisis
A person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else.
Anecdote
A short account of an interesting event.
Ellipsis
The ellipsis ... is a series of dots that indicates an intentional omission of a word, sentence, or whole section from a text without altering its original meaning.
Analogy
A literary device used to compare similarities between two unrelated things as a way to make a point through the comparison.
Personification
A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes
Enjambment
term for the continuation of a sentence or phrase from one line of poetry to the next.
Cacophony
A harsh, discordant mixture of sounds
Acronym
A word formed from the first letter of each word in a series.
FBI = Federal Bureau of Investigation
Hubris
Excessive pride or self-confidence
Nemisis
Someone or something a person cannot conquer or achieve; a hated enemy
pedantic
Excessively concerned with book learning and formal rules
Sardonic
characterized by bitter or scornful derision; mocking; sneering; cynical;
round character
A character who demonstrates some complexity and who develops or changes in the course of a work.
Farce
a type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations.
Refrain
A word, phrase, line, or group of lines that is repeated, for effect, several times in a poem
Malopropism
A misuse of words, especially through confusion caused by resemblance in sound. "I might fade into Bolivian."
Non sequitur
a statement that does not follow logically from what preceded it.
Anthropomorphism
The non-figurativ attribution of human characteristics to animals or inanimate objects.
Dystopia
A fictional society characterized by oppressive governments, societal decay, and often, a bleak and nightmarish environment. It serves as a cautionary story, showing the potential consequences of societal trends, unchecked power, and technological advancements.
Catharthis
Emotional release or cleansing
