Music in society rhythm and melody

Rhythm

arrangement of musical sounds in time

beat

one unit of steady pulse that determines the tempo and meter

tempo

the rate of speed in music

Ritard

a gradual slowing down

Accelerando

gradual increase in tempo

accent

emphasis on a strong beat

Meter

a regularly recurring patter of strong and weak beats

Duple meter

pattern of two beats per measure

Triple meter

pattern of 3 beats per measure

measure

a grouping of beats equal to one unit of meter

Downbeat

the first beat of a measure

Upbeat

the beat preceding the down beat

Quadruple meter

a pattern of 4 beats per measure

Backbeat

emphasis on beats 2 and 4 in a quadruple meter

Fractals

a geometric shapes where each part resembles in miniature shape of a whole

Simple meter

a meter while each beat is divided into equal halves

Compound meter

a meter in which each beat is divided into equal thirds

Reels

simple duple meter(I think I can)

Jigs

compound duple meter (jiggety)

Slip jig

an extra beat per bar so meter compound triple

Rubato

deliberate small scale distortion of tempo

Syncopation

a disruption in the regular pattern of accented and unaccented beats

Pervasive syncopation

the dance of Latin America where music traditions where intermixed

Tresillo

a syncopated Latin rhythmic pattern of 3 emphasized notes within a duple meter

Habanera

differs from tresillo as it adds a not on beat 2 of each bar

Son clave

a bar with 3 note tresillo pattern followed by a bar with 3 notes on the and of beat one and on beat 2

Cross-rhythms

A rhythmic texture in which two conflicting rhythmic patterns interlock (3:2)

Three against 2 (3:2)

a cross-rhythm in which two equal beats in one part corresponds to the time of 3 equal beats in another part

Quintuple meter

a pattern of 5 beats per measure

Septuple meter

a pattern of 7 beats per measure

Tala

a rhythmic cycle in Hindustani music similar to the wester concept of meter

Frequency

a tones speed of vibration

Pitch

the ears perception of frequency, the faster the frequency the higher the pitch

melody

a series of pitches sounded sequentially

Scale

a collection of pitches arranged in a low to high or high to low order

Melodic motion

melodic movement from one pitch to another (rising,falling,conjunct,disjunct)

Rising motion

second note is higher than the first

falling motion

second note is lower than the first

conjunct motion

moves from starting pitch to a nearby pitch

Disjunct motion

moves from starting pitch to a more distant one

Melodic contour

a melodies distinctive shape

Undulating melodic contour

melodies change too frequently to be described

Range

distance between a melodies highest and lowest pitch

Climax

the most intense moment in a musically work typically the highest pitch(or lowest) occurring towards the end

phrase

a segment of music with a clear beginning and end

Cadence

a closing gesture in a unit of musical form

open cadence

feels incomplete

closed cadence

feels final

Motif

a short musical unit subject to repetition and variation to build larger structures

Motivic variation

the process of varying a motif to lend contrast and coherence to a larger musical unit

Interval

the distance between two pitches

octave

interval formed by two pitches pf vibrating in the ration 2:1 8 steps in a diatonic scale

Solfege

a European derived systems of naming pitches in a scale

Sargam

a south Asian system of naming pitches in a scale

Major scale

7 note scale whose most salient characteristic is a major third between its tonic and 3rd scale degree

Minor scale

7 note scale whose most salient characteristic is a minor 3rd between its tonic and 3rd scale degree