BIO106: Week2 5-15 lecture Ch1 - part 3

Flashcards about the human body cavities, serous membranes, organ systems, aging effects, anatomical positions, body sections, and abdominal regions.

Where is the dorsal cavity located?

The dorsal cavity is located on the backside (posterior) of the body.

What are the subdivisions of the dorsal cavity?

The cranial cavity and spinal cavity.

What are the contents of the thoracic cavity?

Lungs, heart, major arteries of the thorax, and glands.

What muscle divides the ventral cavity into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

The diaphragm.

What organs are housed in the abdominal cavity?

Stomach, intestine, liver, and pancreas.

What does the pelvic cavity house?

Bladder and parts of the reproductive system.

What are the four major cavities within the skull?

Cranial cavity, sinuses, nasal cavity, and buccal cavity.

What are serous membranes?

Protective layers that line organs and cavities.

What is the difference between visceral and parietal serous membranes?

Visceral covers the organ directly, parietal covers the cavity.

What does pericardium mean?

Relates to the heart.

What does pleura mean?

Relates to the lungs.

What does the visceral peritoneum cover?

Covers organs in the abdominal cavity.

What does the parietal peritoneum cover?

Covers the abdominal cavity from the inside.

What is the peritoneal cavity?

The space between the visceral and parietal peritoneum.

What does the integumentary system comprise of?

Skin, nails, and hairs.

What are the major functions of the integumentary system?

Protection, excretion of waste, and maintaining homeostasis.

What black pigment in the skin plays a role in vitamin D formation?

Melanin.

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Gives structure, provides protection, and produces RBCs.

What are the two parts of the skeleton?

Axial and appendicular.

What functions does the Muscular system provides?

Movement and controlling body temperature.

What are the two types of muscles can there be in our body?

Involuntary and voluntary.

What does the central nervous system consists of?

Brain and spinal cord.

What does the endocrine system do?

Glands secreting hormones to regulate body metabolism.

What are the gonads as part of the endocrine system?

Testes and ovaries.

What does the cardiovascular system consist of?

Heart and vessels transporting gases, nutrients, and waste.

What does the lymphatic system carry?

Lymph fluid for immune system function.

What is the function of the digestive system?

Receives and breaks down food, absorbs digestive products.

What does the respiratory system do?

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.

What does the urinary system do?

Filters blood and excretes waste as urine.

What does the reproductive system consist of an do?

Gonads producing sperm or ova for reproduction.

What are the effects of aging?

Hair loss, skin wrinkling, joint stiffening, and decreased metabolic rate.

What is the anatomical position?

Standing erect with palms facing forward.

What are the directional terms of antierior, posterior, superior and inferior?

Anterior is front, posterior is back, superior is towards the head, inferior is towards the feet.

What do medial and lateral mean?

Closer to the midline and something that is farther or away from the midline.

What do proximal and distal mean?

Proximal is towards the central part, distal is away from the central part.

What does a transverse section do?

Divides the body into superior and inferior halves.

What does a midsagittal section do?

Divides the body into right and left parts.

What does a coronal plane do?

Vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior.

What does ipsilateral mean?

On the same side of the body.

What does contralateral mean?

Present on opposite sides of the body.

Why use abdominal regions and quadrants?

To clarify organ locations in the abdomen.

How is the abdominal part divided?

Divided into nine different regions and four quadrants.

What does aortic mean?

Something related to air.

What does cervical mean?

Something related to the neck.

What does Brachial mean?

the arm

What does Palmar region mean?

front of our head

What does cephalic mean?

to the head or the cranium.

What does Buccales means?

the cheek

What does Occipital mean?

back of our head