What does Vijayanagara mean?
"city of victory"
What part of India was Vijayanagara located in?
South India
What is the name of the plateau that Vijayanagara rests upon?
Deccan
What did the rulers of Vijayanagara monopolize control of in the region?
trade and weapons.
What did Persian and European travelers compare the capitol city of the Vijayanagara Empire (capitol also called Vijayanagara) to?
Rome
What religion did the rulers of Vijayanagara promote?
Hinduism
When was Vijayanagara founded and when was it conquered and abandoned?
1646-1565.
Who sacked Vijayanagara?
Muslim armies
How many square miles did Vijayanagara cover?
16 square miles
What were the three zones of Vijayanagara?
-fortified urban core -a sacred center -the suburban settlements
Vijayagara was the first southern Indian state to cover what?
three main linguistic and cultural regions.
What modern Indian town is it Vijayanagara to?
Hampi
What modern Indian province is Vijayanagara in?
Karnataka
The three great strengths of the Khmer Empire.
-God King -Taxes incentivised competition -Armies able to get resources easily
The three flaws within these strengths.
-God Kings had a hard time(?) -Tax system encouraged deforestation and resentment of the peasants -Difficult water system
The religious influence begun by Jayavarman VII.
Buddhism
How long did the Mughal Empire last?
1526-1857
What happened during the rule of the Mughals?
India became united and experienced years of cultural and political prosperity
Who founded the Mughal Empire?
Babur
Who was Babur?
A warrior and a descendent of Genghis Khan of the Mongols
the Mughals are known for their many achievements and advancements which led to India being recognized as...?
a world leader in manufacturing and a center of Muslim art and architecture
Prominent Empires of the Mughal Empire
-Babur -Akbar the Great -Shah Jahan
Who is Akbar the Great?
Grandson of Babur and regarded as the "Master of Compromise." Ruled from 1556-1605
What did Akbar succeed in?
Consolidated the Mughal Empire and provided much needed stability
What did Akbar encourage?
-Societal and cultural development -Increased trade with European trading companies -Promoted religious tolerance -Debate on philosophical and religious issues among the people of the empire
Who is Shah Jahan?
The fifth Mughal emperor and ruled from 1628-1658. Widely considered to be one of the greatest Mughal emperors.
What was the most notable architectural achievement during the Moghul Empire?
Taj Mahal
What did many art pieces from the Mughal Empire focus on?
Eventful historical or political scenes such as Iranian and Indian myths/romances, major battles, court life and marriages
Mughal Painting is a style of...?
South Asian miniature painting. It emerged from the Persian miniature painting tradition with additional Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain influences.
Mughal painting usually took the form of...?
Book illustrations or single sheets preserved in albums
What are the four periods that commonly associate Mughal art?
-Akbar Period -Jahangir Period -Shah Jahan Period -Aurangzeb Period
What was the foundation of Mughal Empire's cultural achievements?
Mughal architecture
Who constructed the Taj Mahal and who is it for?
Shah Jahan built it for his wife
Mughal Empire architectural style
Indo-Islamic
What cultures that mix in the Mughal Empire?
-Persian -Islamic -Indian
What's one of the weapons did the Mughal Empire use?
Gunpowder
What did Akbar use in the warfare?
Metal cylinder rockets
What type of coinage did the Mughal Empire standardized?
Rupee
What did the rupee replace?
Dam
What were the main crops that were grown during the Mughal Empire?
-Cotton -Indigo -Opium
What were the main crops that were grown during the Mughal Empire? (by farmers)
-Wheat -Rice -Barley
What crops did the Europeans trade?
-Tobacco -Corn
What did the Mughal Empire focus on in trade?
Strengthening its agrarian markets by funding the construction of irrigation systems across the empire
What was the average Indian peasant skilled at?
Growing a wide variety of food and non-food crops
What did India produce around 1750?
25% of the world's industrial output
What did early Europe demand from Mughal India?
-cotton textiles -spices -peppers -indigo -silks -saltpeter
Since the Mughal Empire had little demand for Europe, what did the Europeans give?
gold and silver
Why did the Khmer Empire fall?
Powerful enemies grew after Jayavarman VII died. The Thai sacked the city of Angkor.