STS Flashcards

Paleolithic Age

Stone axes, bone needles, and hunting strategies based on animal observation.

Mesolithic Age

Development of leatherwork, basketry, fishing tackle, and domesticated animals.

Neolithic Age

Introduction of pottery, polished stone tools, and wooden plows.

Bronze Age

Emergence of bronze jewelry, tools, weapons, and early civilizations.

Iron Age

Advancements in iron-bladed plows, weapons, and increased food production.

Mesopotamian Civilization

Innovations such as the wheel, cuneiform writing, and a 12-month lunar calendar.

Babylonian Civilization

Contributions to algebra, asphalt-covered roadways, and astronomical tables.

Ancient Egyptian Civilization

Use of hieroglyphics, papyrus, and development of a 365-day calendar.

Ancient Greek Civilization

Introduction of the geocentric model and separation of religion from science.

Claudius Ptolemy

Developed the geocentric model and concepts of epicycles and retrograde motion.

Galen

Influential medical figure known for studying human anatomy and gladiator wounds.

Ancient Romans

Engineering achievements including aqueducts, roads, and sanitary systems.

Renaissance

Innovations in printing, heliocentric model, and advancements in art and architecture.

Nicholas Copernicus

Proposed the heliocentric model in "De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium."

Tycho Brahe

Created the Tychonic model and refined astronomical instruments for precise data.

Johannes Kepler

Formulated three laws of planetary motion and described elliptical orbits.

Galileo Galilei

Improved the telescope and supported the heliocentric model with observations.

Isaac Newton

Established laws of motion, universal gravitation, and developed calculus.

Thomas Savery

Invented the first crude steam engine based on a pressure cooker design.

James Watt

Enhanced steam engine efficiency, leading to widespread use.

George Stephenson

Created Stephenson’s Rocket, the first steam locomotive.

Karl Benz

Developed the Motorwagen, introducing the throttle system and gear shifter.

Thomas Edison

Invented the incandescent light bulb, phonograph, and motion pictures.

Nikola Tesla

Pioneered alternating current (AC) and radio technology with the Tesla coil.

Wright Brothers

Achieved the first successful airplane flight with the 1903 Wright Flyer.

Hans Christian Oersted

Discovered that electric current creates a magnetic field.

Michael Faraday

Developed the electric motor, generator, and principles of electromagnetic induction.

Samuel Morse

Invented the telegraph and Morse code for long-distance communication.

Alexander Graham Bell

Invented the telephone, enabling voice communication over distances.

Alessandro Volta

Created the first battery, known as the Voltaic pile.

Lee De Forest

Invented the vacuum tube for radio signal amplification.

Guglielmo Marconi

Developed the wireless telegraph, facilitating communication during the Titanic rescue.

Charles Babbage

Recognized as the father of the computer for creating the first mechanical computer.

Henry Ford

Revolutionized automobile production with the assembly line, making cars affordable.

Wernher von Braun

Key figure in space exploration, known for the V-2 rocket.

Charles Babbage

Invented the first mechanical computer

William Rae Young

Proposed that radio towers arranged in a hexagonal pattern

John Vincent Atanasoff

Invented the first electronic computer or the ENIAC

Martin Cooper

Executive of Motorola that invented the first practical cellphone called Motorola DynaTAC

Jesse Eugune Russell

Inventor of First Digital Phone