nutrition and hydration

Nutrient

A necessary substance that promotes energy, growth, health, and helps regulate metabolism.

Metabolism

The process by which nutrients are broken down to be used by the body.

Carbohydrates

Nutrients that supply the body with energy and provide fiber; examples include bread, cereal, and potatoes.

Protein

Needed for tissue growth and repair; sources include seafood, meat, beans, and poultry.

Fats

Help the body store energy and are important for the absorption of certain vitamins; include monounsaturated and saturated fats.

Vitamins

Substances needed by the body to function properly.

Minerals

Elements that help build bones, produce hormones, and assist in blood formation; examples include zinc, iron, calcium, and magnesium.

Fluid Restricted Diet

A diet for individuals with severe kidney damage or heart disease that limits fluid intake.

Low Sodium Diet

A diet with limited salt for patients with high blood pressure, heart disease, or kidney disease.

Diabetic Diet

Diet where calories and carbohydrates are carefully controlled for patients with diabetes.

Dysphagia

Difficulty swallowing, often requiring soft foods and liquids.

Aspiration

The inhalation of food, fluid, or foreign material into the lungs.

Nasogastric Tube

A tube inserted into the nose that goes to the stomach for feeding.

PEG Tube

Percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy tube placed into the stomach through the abdominal wall.

Dehydration

Occurs when a person does not have enough fluid in the body.

Puree Diet

A diet consisting of foods ground into a thick paste, not requiring chewing.

Edema

Swelling caused by excess fluid in the extremities.

Mechanical Soft Diet

Diet consisting of soft or chopped foods that are easy to chew.