Musculoskeletal - Upper Limb

origin of pec major

head - medial end of clavicle
head - sternocostal end

insertion of pec major

lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

nerve supply of pec major

lateral and medial pectoral nerves

action of pec major

adducts and medially rotates humerus

origin of pec minor

ribs 3, 4, 5

insertion of pec minor

coracoid process of the scapula

nerve supply of pec minor

medial pectoral nerve

action of pec minor

stabilises scapula, accessory respiration muscle

origin of subclavius

1st rib and costal cartilage

insertion of subclavius

inferior aspect of clavicle

Nerve Supply of Subclavius

subclavian nerve

action of subclavius

depression and protraction of shoulder

origin of serratus anterior

external surfaces of ribs 1-8

insertion of serratus anterior

anterior (costal) surface on medial scapular border

nerve supply of serratus anterior

long thoracic nerve

action of serratus anterior

protraction and rotation of scapula

origin of trapezius

nuchal line, nuchal ligament of spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

insertion of trapezius

lateral 1/3 of clavicle anteriorly acromion and spine of scapula posteriorly

innervation of trapezius

spinal root of accessory nerve (CN XI) cervical nerves C3 and C4

action of trapezius

elevation, rotation and retraction of scapula

origin of latissimus dorsi

spinous process of T7-T12 vertebra

insertion of latissimus dorsi

intertubercular groove of humerus (between pec. major and teres major)

innervation of latissimus dorsi

thoracodorsal nerve

action of latissimus dorsi

extension, adduction and medial rotation of humerus

origin of levator scapulae

transverse process of C1-C4 vertebrae

insertion of levator scapulae

medial border of scapula (above spine of scapula)

innervation of levator scapulae

dorsal scapular nerve

action of levator scapulae

elevation of scapula rotation of scapula — tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly

origin of rhomboids

slope obliquely from C7-T5 vertebrae

insertion of rhomboids

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

innervation of rhomboids

dorsal scapular nerve

action of rhomboids

elevation of scapula rotation of scapula — tilts glenoid cavity inferiorly

origin of teres major

inferior lateral border of scapula

insertion of teres major

medial lip of intertubercular groove

innervation of teres major

lower subscapular nerve

action of teres major

adduction and medial rotation of the arm

origin of teres minor

superior part of the lateral scapular border

insertion of teres minor

greater tubercle of humerus

innervation of teres minor

axillary nerve

action of teres minor

lateral rotation of arm at shoulder joint

origin of deltoid

lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

insertion of deltoid

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

innervation of deltoid

axillary nerve — branch of brachial plexus

action of deltoid

anterior — flexion arm, assisted by pec. major middle — abduction of arm, initated by supraspinatus posterior — extension of arm, assisted by latissimus dorsi

origin of supraspinatus

supraspinous fossa

insertion of supraspinatus

greater tubercle of humerus

innervation of supraspinatus

suprascapular nerve

action of supraspinatus

adduction of arm to 15 deg assists deltoid muscle in initiation

origin of infraspinatus

infraspinous fossa

insertion of infraspinatus

greater tubercle of humerus

innervation of infraspinatus

suprascapular nerve

action of infraspinatus

lateral rotation

origin of subscapularis

subscapular fossa

insertion of subscapularis

anterosuperior surface of humerus at lesser tubercle

innervation of subscapularis

upper and lower subscapular nerves

action of subscapularis

medial rotation of arm adduction of arm

origin of biceps brachii

long head — supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
short head — coracoid process of scapula

insertion of biceps brachii

radial tuberosity

innervation of biceps brachii

musculocutaneous nerve

action of biceps brachii

flexion at the elbow joint supination of the forearm

origin of the brachialis

anterior surface of midshaft of humerus

insertion of the brachialis

ulnar tuberosity

innervation of the brachialis

musculocutaneous nerve

action of the brachialis

(main) flexion of the forearm

origin of coracobrachialis

coracoid process

insertion of coracobrachialis

mid-shaft of humerus

innervation of coracobrachialis

musculocutaneous nerve

action of coracobrachialis

(weak) flexion at the shoulder joint adduction of the arm

origin of triceps brachii

long head — infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

medial head — posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

lateral head — posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial

insertion of triceps brachii

olecranon process

innervation of triceps brachii

radial nerve

action of triceps brachii

extension of forearm long head — stabilises head of humerus when arm is abducted

muscles in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris

muscles in the middle layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

flexor digitorum superficialis

muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

flexor pollicis longus
flexor digitorum profundus
pronator quadratus

origin of pronator teres

medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion of pronator teres

mid shaft of humerus

innervation of pronator teres

median nerve

action of pronator teres

pronation of forearm

origin of flexor carpi radialis

medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion of flexor carpi radialis

base of 2nd metacarpal bone

innervation of flexor carpi radialis

median nerve

action of flexor carpi radialis

flexion at wrist joint abduction at wrist joint

origin of palmaris longus

medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion of palmaris longus

central aponeurosis of palm

innervation of palmaris longus

median nerve

action of palmaris longus

flexion at wrist joint

origin of flexor carpi ulnaris

medial epicondyle of humerus

insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris

pisiform hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal bone

innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris

ulnar nerve

action of flexor carpi ulnaris

flexion at wrist joint adduction at wrist joint

origin of flexor digitorum superficialis

medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna and anterior border of radius

insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis

middle phalanges of the medial 4 digits

innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis

median nerve

action of flexor digitorum superficialis

flexion of the middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints flexion of proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints

origin of flexor pollicis longus

anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane

insertion of flexor pollicis longus

base of distal phalanx of thumb (pollex)

innervation of flexor pollicis longus

median nerve

action of flexor pollicis longus

flexion of the phalanges of thumb

origin of flexor digitorum profundus

proximal anterior surface of ulna