MUNM 1113 Midterm

The smallest instrument of the string family is?

Violin

There are four families of instruments within the modern orchestra. What are they?

String, Woodwind, Brass, and Percussion

In these two time signatures, what do the upper and lower numbers represent?

3 quarter notes

The word dynamic refers to what in music?

How soft or loud. Texture of the music: thickness/thinness.

The word tempo refers to what?

The pace of the music. How fast it's going (frequency).

A sharp sign does what to a note?

Half step above regular note.

A flat does what to a note?

Half step below regular note.

The octave represents the distance of 8 pitches. What mathematical ratio is representative of the octave?

2:1

Name this symbol?

Dotted quarter note (1/4)

Name this symbol?

Whole rest

Music is notated on a series of 5 lines and 4 spaces called?

Staff

A grouping of sharps and flats at the beginning of a piece of music is called a?

Key

Ancient Greek and early church music based on early scales called?

Church modes

The major and minor scales we use today were once know as what?

Major: Ionian

Minor: Acolian

Name the two distinct types of meter?

Simple and Compound

Music that consists of many independent voices are called?

Polyphony

Music that contains only on voice and one line of interest is called?

Monophony

Music that one melodic line of interest is called?

Homophony

An ancient instrument still used today that has many keyboards, pipes, and controls variation in sounds with the use of stops is an?

Organ

Movement from one pitch to the next via half steps is technically called?

Chromatic

Who composed "Alleluia for Christmas Day"

Anonymous

Who composed "Nuper Rosarum Flores"

Guillarme du Fay

Who composed "Sederunt"

Perotin

Who composed "Epitaph of Seikilos"

Anonymous

Who composed "Can vei la lauzeta"

Bernart de Ventadorn

What is Skolion?

Drinking Song

Name 2 places where ancient music has also been discovered?

Greece/Rome

The earliest polyphonic music to have lines added above the chant line was called?

Organum

Which Pope began the codification of the Latin/Catholic Mass was started by which pope?

Pope Gregory the Great

At the cathedral of Notre Dame a system for notating rhythm was devised. What was this system called and who devised it?

Polyphonic, Perotin

What is the name given to the group of French nobleman that excelled at writing songs and poetry about courtly love and romance?

Troubadours

What language did French nobleman (troubadours) write in?

Oxitan

The composer Philip De Vitry contributed music to one of the great Medieval works of literature. What was the name of this work?

Roman de Favel

By the end of the Middle ages what two intervals had been accepted as consonance?

3rd and 6th

Who composed "Agnus Dei Hercules"?

Des Prez

Who composed "Ein Feste Burg"?

Martin Luther

Who composed "De plus en plus"?

Binchois

Who composed "Agnus Dei"?

Palestrina

What does the word Renaissance mean?

"Rebirth"

How would you describe dissonance?

Harsh sound (unpleasing"

Ex: Seconds/7th or 3rd

What is the major polyphonic secular song of the Renaissance called?

Madrigal

A series of musical inventions including Points of Imitation are credited to which Renaissance composer?

Des Prez

The composer is believed to have saved polyphonic music in the catholic church. What was his name?

Giovanni P. Palestrina

Ein feste burg is an example of what style of music?

Chorale

What is the name of major philosophical movement of the Ranaissance?

Humanism

When a dissonance is reolved by motion back to the note it came from, it is called what kind of note?

Neighbor Note

A group of musicians and thinkers that began a movement in Florence which led to the creation of Opera was called?

Florentine Camerata

Monteverdi composed?

"Orfeo"

Bach composed?

"Ach Golgatha"

Mozart composed?

"Piano concerto #17"

Gluck composed?

"Orfeo and Euridice"

Vivaldi composed?

"La Primavera"

Lully composed?

"Armide"

The Baroque composer sought to move the emotions of his listeners by using certain musical elements. The various techniques used became known as?

Doctrine of Affections

A formal structure in music closely associated with the Concerto. What is the name of this form?

Ritornello Form

The renaissance gave rise to new philosophical outlook called Humanism. What new philosophical ,movement stirred in the Classical period?

The Enlightment

What does the word Baroque mean?

Portuguese word "barroco", means irregular shaped pearl

The new, more simple, style of music of the Classical period, that sought as its main aim "to please" was called what style?

Gallant Style

What name is used for a large multi-movement work consisting of soloists, orchestras and chorus which uses stories taken mostly from The Old Testament for its narrative?

Oratorio

The major three-part formal plan that composers used for solo/aria, in Italian opera, during the Baroque period was called?

De Capo

A work for a group of soloist and orchestra is called what?

Concerto Grosso

A formal structure in which a theme is presented and then altered throughout the rest of the composition is called?

Theme and Variations

A famed composer of the Baroque who began and then left priest-hood, to serve as a composer/music teacher at the Hospital of pieta, and orphanage for young girls?

Vivaldi

I am an Italian born composer. I altered my name/presided over the music of the court of Louis XIV. I am largely remembered for my contribution to Tragedie Lyrique?

Lully

I am German composer who served in many cities before residing in Leipzig. I am mostly remembered for my contributions to Church music and music for the keyboard?

Bach

I am a composer that worked in two periods and was the first master of a new style of stage music called opera. My operas are still performed today. I lived most of my life in Venice and composed amongst others and opera called "Orfeo".

Monteverdi

I am a composer born in Bohemia, now modern day Germany. I spent most of my life composing Italian opera. Toward the end of my career I sought about reforming opera in an attempt to bring the styles of Italian and French opera more closely together?

Gluck

I am German composer who is mostly remembered from my contributions to Italian opera. I was also at the forefront of a new style of music drama called Oratorio?

Handell

Define Chanson

French word for song

Who composed "Cruda Amarilli"?

Monteverdi

Who valued gymnastics and music? He said it perfected the body and the mind.

Plato

Alto

the lowest female voice range, also called contralto

Bass

lowest male voice register

Crescendo

getting loud

Decrescendo

getting soft

Musical tone

regular, predictable pulsations, of sound.

4 basic definitive characteristics: frequencey, volume, timbre, and duration

Noise

irregular sound

Amplitude

furthest distance a vibrating object travels

Frequency

speed/rate

Pitch

highness/lowness of sound

Chromatic

set of 12 pitches represented by all white/black keys on piano w/in octave

Interval

distance between two pitches

How many keys on a piano

88

Atonal

lacks tonal center

Dots to the right of note increase the note by?

half a note

Points of Imitation

use of imitation for just the first few notes or phrase of a melody

Brass Family

Trumpet, Horn, Trombone, Tuba

String Family

Violin, Viola, Cello, Bass

Woodwind Family

Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon

Percussion Family

Timpani

Church Modes (Greek)

1.) Ionian: Modern Major

2.) Dorian

3.) Phrygian

4.) Lydian

5.) Mixolydian

6.) Aeolian: Modern Minor

7.) Locrian

Structure of Music

1.) Melody

2.) Form

3.) Texture

4.) Motive

4 basic properties

1.) frequency

2.) timbre/tone color

3.) amplitude

4.) duration

Fugue

polyphonic composition est. by # of voices build on single principle called subject

Secular song

song not meant for church

Intermezzo's

short opera's, written by Pergolesi

Tragedie-Lyrique

french operas, ballets etc

Handel used what type of genre to rise out of opera?

Oratorio: like opera, but no theatrical acts/costumes, and sang about bible stories

Octtant

8 notes to choose from

Who is Periton?

composed music for the cathedral

started revolution in music (chorus)

simultaneous notes: chords

notating rhythm