KIN 102 Final

progressive education

progressive education

Multi-activity model

Two main objectives of sport psych

How factors effect sport performance and how to manipulate those factors to create positive outcomes

Difference between exercise and sport psychology

Exercise- principles in exercise settings (usually not involving competition)

Sport- Psychological factors that come into play before, during, and after sporting situations

Main objective of exercise psychology

Examine exercise behaviours of the general populus

Lab research in psych field

Effects of leadership and team effectiveness

Non-lab research in psych field

pre-game routines and team dynamics in practice vs play

Methods in knowing about human movement

Interviews, questionnaires, observation, content analysis, and physiological components

Psychophysiological approach

Best explanation for for behaviour lies within physiological processes (heart rate, breathing, etc.)

Social-psychological approach

Behaviours are the result of an interaction between environment and personal factors

Cognitive behaviour approach

behaviours stem from an individuals thoughts and beliefs

Motivation

Direction and intensity of effort

Theories used to understand motivation

Social cognitive, achievement goal, attribution

behaviour is influenced by a combination of personal, environmental, and behavioural factors

Social Cognitive theory

Individuals tend to create their own goals based on task or ego orentations

Achievement goal theory

Focuses on factors that individuals use to explain their successes and failures

Attribution theory

Three categories of factors

Stability, Locus of causality, Locus of control

5 tips for increasing motivation

Recognize that situations and personality influences, remember individuals have multiple reasons, change environment or situations, remember leadership plays a role, and set attainable goals

Mental Toughness

Motivated, dealing with pressure, having confidence, and maintaining concentration

Psychological skill development (PSD)

systematic and consistent practice of mental psychological skills for the purpose of enhancing performance, enjoyment, or self satisfaction

Middle of the mental skills pyramid

concentration, self-talk, imagery

Storming

resistance to leaders and interpersonal conflict

norming

cooperation

Task cohesion

group members working together to perform well

exercise physiology

study of how the body responds and adapts to physical stress

sport physiology

application of exercise physiology principles to guide training and enhance sport performance

Acute exercise effects definition

sudden and immediate responses to exercise

Acute

Increased heart rate

Chronic exercise effects definition

over time with long term adaptions

chronic leads to increased what

increased effeciency

activities of daily living

basic personal tasks on a daily basis

instrumental activities of daily living

activities done to maintain a household

Exercise

planned and structured PA with the purpose of wanting to improve physical fitness

In order for the body to do more work it has to…

produce more energy

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is what

body’s fuel source

acute physiological responses put most demand on what

skeletal muscles

Aerobic Capacity

ability to preform prolonged, large muscle, dynamic exercises at moderate to high intensity

Body composition

proportion of total body weight made up of fat mass and fat-free mass

flexibility

ability for joints to move freely through normal r.o.m.

muscular endurance

ability of skeletal muscles to repeatedly generate force

muscle strength

ability of skeletal muscles to generate force

body must be stressed to a level beyond what its accustomed to

principle of overload

when exercise stress is removed gains are lost

principle of reversibility

study of how humans move

motor behavior

Fitt’s law states that

movement speed is inversely related to accuracy, as speed increases, accuracy decreases and vice versa

two ways humans control movement

psychological and physiological

study of change in performance over time

motor development

study of acquisition of skill effectiveness overtime with practice

motor learning

study of motor performance at a given point in time

motor control

who wrote the book on the nervous system and reflexes

Charles Sherrington

R.A. Woodworth

pioneer in the behaviour side of motor behaviour

Edward Thorndike

a general pioneer in the 20th century of motor behaviour

Why did motor behaviour become largely researched in/after WWII?

1. military analysts wanted to see which people would perform best in different positions

2. rehabilitation

franklin henry

prof. at Berkley who did research in M.B. and got P.E. to be a legitimate academic discipline (father of kin)

Motor learning was compared to what in the 70s

computers

outside-in perspective

Movement to mechanism

inside-out perspective

mechanism to movement

blocked

mvmt pattern repeated (novice)

random

authentic game play (intermediate-expert)

variable

manipulation of game structure (intermediate to expert)

sport pedagogy

focus on school P.E. teaching (incl. community based programs)

study break!

Physical activity definition

Any level of bodily movement that requires energy expendature.

Physical education definition

Planned program with the intent of helping students develop knowledge, skills and ability

Essential components of high quality PE program

opportunity, meaningful, targeted, assessment

essential teaching behaviors

teacher movement, meaningful feedback, time management

human mvmt model

mvmt education

humanistic sport and PE model

personal and social

lifelong wellness model

concept based approach

experiential and adventure education model

outdoor education

play and sport education model

sport education

ecological approach model

dynamic systems therory

what is prime instruction time?

1 minute or less

disabilities are always visible

false

difference between activity limitation and participation restriction

activity limitation is during everyday life (hearing, seeing)

participation restriction doesn’t allow them to “be”

medical model of disability focuses on what

condition over the person

social construction focuses on the idea of what

disability is socially constructed

International class of functioning, disability, and health conceptualizes disability as what

interaction between the individual and their environment

what is social inclusion

providing opportunities to form meaningful relationships

what is active parallel play?

Individual is participating in a different activity altogether

Equipment falls under what category of the ETA model?

Task

IMAPA looks at participant as healthy

true

while sport has the potential to be great, it can also

do harm

common sense belief

a belief widely accepted to be true by society

“cultural practices” in sport refer to

Dominant language being used

The overarching goal of sport sociology

try to improve conditions for athletes

Studying sport sociology allows for a deeper understanding of what

equity and empathy

Structural components for sport sociology include

Spheres of social life

rules can be both internal and external

true

ideology definition

wide shared beliefs interwoven into society

Binary logic

This or that mentality

sport allows us to learn a great deal about what

values of a society

sociological imagination

personal troubles are connected to wider social issues

someone who studies individual’s issues that may stem from society

sport psychologist

cultural theory

core values and collective meanings assigned to human interactions

hegemony has a dominant culture

false- dominant minority

who said that power is always productive

Michel Foucault

disciplinary techniques are used as instruments of what

power

individual choice, moral duty, and consumption

Tenets of neoliberal ideology

health definition

absence of illness

neoliberal ideology

people must take personal responsibility for their own lives