Module #1 Chapters 1-5

Who began to transport wounded soldiers away from the scene of battle?

The French

Who charged the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) with developing EMS standard and assisting the states to upgrade the quality of their prehospital emergency care?

National Highway Safety Act

Congress passed what act as the cornerstone of a federal effort to implement improve EMS systems across the United States?

National Emergency Medical Services Systems Act

Who established an assessment program with a set of standard for EMS systems?

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Technical Assistance Program (NHTSA)

What is it called to have equal access to basic emergency care and transport by certified personnel, in a licensed and equipped ambulance, to an appropriate facility.

Resource management

Patient care begins with

the initial phone call

A system for telephone access to report emergencies. A dispatcher takes the information and alerts EMS or the fire or police department as needed

911 system

Identifies the callers phone number and location

enhanced 911 system

____ always precedes emergency care.

Patient Assessment

You will provide information on the patient’s condition, your observations of the scene, and other pertinent data so that there will be continuity int he patient’s care is called

Transfer of care

A process of continuous self-review with the purpose of identifying and correcting aspects of the system that require improvement is called

quality impovement

A physician who assumes the ultimate responsibility is called:

medical director

Oversight of the patient care aspects of the EMS system is called:

medical direction

Standing orders issues by the medical Director that allow EMTs to give certain medications or perform certain procedures without speaking to the Medical Director or another physician is called:

Off-line medical direction

Consists of orders from the on-duty physician given directly to an EMT in the field by radio or telephone is called:

On line medical direction

Lists of steps, such as assessments and interventions, to be taken in different situations is called:

protocols

A policy or protocol issued by a medical director that authorizes EMTs and others to perform particular skills in certain situations is called:

standing orders

The long-term survivial of patients is called:

patient outcomes

Techniques or practices that are supported by scientific evidence of their safety and efficacy, rather than merely on supposition and traditin is called:

evidence-cased techniques

Submitted to a professional journal and reviewed by several of the researcher’s peers is called:

peer reviewed

Organisms that cause infection, such as viruses and bacteria are called:

pathogens

Strict form of infection control that is based on the assumption that all blood and other body fluids are infectious; also known as:

standard precautions

Equipment that protects the EMS worker from infection and or exposure to the dangers of rescue operations is called:

personal protective equipment (PPE)

When should you wear eye protection

splashing, splattering, or spraying fluids

In cases when there will be blood or fluids spatter you should wear:

surgical type mask

In cases where airborne diseases are present one should wear an

N-95 or HEPA respirator

When a patient is suspected of having a infection spread by droplets ____ can be placed onto the patient if the patient is ____

a sugrical mask, altert cooperative

When should you wear a gown:

childbirth and arterial spurting

Hepatitis A, B, C:

A: contaminated food and water

B: can be found living in many days in blood spills can be deadly. Vaccine available

C: no vaccine

presents a far less risk to health care workers than hepatitis and TB because the virus does not survive well outside of the body:

HIV/AIDS

What act establishes procedures by which emergency responders may find out whether they have been exposed to life threatening infectious diseases

Ryan White care act

What did Ryan White have?

AIDS from hemophilia treatment

Under the white care act the hosptical will notify the ___ who will notify you

designated officer

Toughness, an ability to recover quickly from difficult siutation:

Resilience

State of physical and or psychologicl arousal to stimulus is called:

stress

What are the three stages Hans Selye Theory

• Alarm, resistance, exhaustion

__ are linked to catastrophe, such as large-scale natural disaster, a plan crash, or a coworker’s line of duty death or injury. Signs and symptoms will develop simultaneously or within a short time following the incident.

Acture stress reactions

__ can be triggered by a specific incident. However, the signs and symptoms may not become evidence until days, months, or even years.

delayed stress reaction

____ is not triggered by a single critical indecent, but instead results from sustained, recurring low-level stressors— possibly in more than one aspect of one’s life — and develops over a period of years.

cumulative stress reaction

An emergency involving multiple patients is called:

multiple casualty incident

___ is a positive form of stress that helps people work under pressure and respond effectively. __ is a negative. It can happen when the stress of a scene becomes overwhelming.

eustress, distress

__ the belief in one’s ability to manage one’s own problems (self efficacy).

self efficacy

A comprehensive system that includes education and resources to prevent stress and to deal with stress appropriately when it occurs is called:

critical incident stress management (CISM)

— is held within the first few hours after a critical incident.

defusing seccion

The release of a harmful substance into the environemtn is called:

hazardous material incident

The removal of cleansing of dangerous chemicals and other dangerous of infectious materials is called:

decontamination

__ refers to proper use of your body to prevent injury and to facilitate lifting and moving.

body mechannics

__ a lift from a squatting position with weight to be lifted close to the body, feet apart and flat on the ground, body weight on or just behind the balls of the feet and the back locked in.

power lift

__ gripping with as much hand surface as possible in contact with the object being lifted all fingers bent at the same angle. How many inches should they be apart.

power grip, 10

Always move the patient through the ___.

long axis

The patient must be moved to a safe place, probably before you have time to complete or even begin an assessment, consider possible spinal injuries, or move a stretcher into position is called:

emergency move

When the patient is extricated, you would place the patient on a spine board or other carrying device, working quickly to perform the proper assessments and patient care is called a:

required treatment only provided if patient is moved factors at scene that cause patient decline

urgent move

A normal stretcher max capacity is __lbs. A bariatric patient stretcher max capacity is _ lbs.

700, 800

__ method of lifting and carrying a patient in which one recurer slips hands under the patient’s armpits and grasps the wrists, while another rescuer grasps the patient’s knees.

extremity lift

A method of lifting and carrying a patient from ground level to a stretcher in which two or more rescuers kneel, curl the patient to their chests, stand, then reverse the process to lower the patient to the stretcher is called:

direct ground lift

A method of transferring a patient from bed to stretcher by grasping and pulling the loosened bottom sheet of the bed is called:

draw-sheet method

A method of transferring a patient from bed to stretcher, during which two or more rescuers curl the patient to their chests, then reverse the process to lower the patient to the stretcher is called:

direct carry

A set of regulations and ethical considerations that define the scope or extent and limits of the EMT is called:

scope of practice

For an EMT providing care for a specific patient in a specific situation, the care that would be expected to be provided by an EMT with similar training when carrying for a patient in a similar situation is called:

standard of care

Consenti given by adults who are of legal age and are mentally competent to make a rational decision with regard to their medical well-being is called:

expressed consent

A person who may give consent for a care of a child when a parent is not present or able to give consent is called:

in loco parentis

Consent it is presumed patients or their parents or guardians would give if they could, such as for an unconscious patient or a child whose parents cannot be contacted when care is needed is called:

implied consent

Placing a person in fear of bodily harm is called:

assult

Causing bodily harm to or restraining a person is called:

battery

A legal document usually signed by both patient and physician, which states that the patient has a terminal illness and does not wish to prolong life through resuscitative efforts is called:

do not resuscitate (DNR) order

A DNR order, instructions written in advance of an event is called>

advance directive

Physician order that states not only the patients wishes regarding resuscitation attempts but also the patient’s wishes regarding artificial feeding, antibiotics, and other life-sustaining care if the patient is unable to state those desires later is called

Physician’s order for life sustaining treatment (PLOST)

A person whom the signer of the document names to make health caredecisions in case the signer is unabe to make those decision is called:

proxy

A finding that there was failure to act properly in a situation in which there was a duty to act, that needed care as would reasonably be expected of the EMT was not provided, and that harm was caused to the patient as a result is called:

negligence

The concept that the damages to the patient were the result of action or inaction by the EMT is called:

proximate causation

A civil not a criminal offense, a action or injury caused by negligence from which a lawsuit may arise is called:

tort

An obligation to provide care to a patient is called:

abandonment

Regarding personal standards or principles of right or wrong is called

moral

Regarding personal standards or principles of right or wrong is called:

ethical

False injurious information in written form is called:

libelFalse

False injurious information stated verbally is called:

slander

Toward the midline of the body:

medial

To the side, away from the midline of the body:

lateral

the front of the body or body part

anteriorthe b

the back of the body or body part

posterior

referring to the front of the body

ventral

referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot

dorsal

toward the head

superior

away from the head, ussually compared with another structure that is closer to the head

inferior

closer to the torso

proximal

father away from the torso

distal

Referring to the palm of the head

palmar

Lying on the back

supinel

lying facedown

prone

lying on the side

recovery position

a sitting position

fowler position